Enantiomeric separations by capillary electrophoresis: Theoretical method to determine optimum chiral selector concentration

LANCIONI, CARLINA; KEUNCHKARIAN, S.; CASTELLS, C. B.; GAGLIARDI, L. G.

JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY - A

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2018 vol. 1539 p. 71 - 77

0021-9673

A method to optimize the ligand concentration [S] in the background electrolyte of capillary  electrophoresis separations is presented. It is based on the use of a model which predicts  apparent electrophoretic mobilities as a function of ligand concentration (expressed as p[S] = -log[S]). This model is employed to compose the expression of a recently proposed criterion  to qualify separations in electrophoresis. Two strategies to find the optimum p[S], leading to the best separation of all compounds, are explained: 1.- a graphical method using a windows  map depicting the single separation criteria between all possible combination of compounds  by pairs, and 2.- an analytical method where an extended multicriterion optimization function  is composed and optimum p[S] is found by mathematical maximization. The procedure is  applied to a hard-to-separate model system: enantiomeric separations of racemic mixtures. 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin was chosen as a model ligand, and four pharmaceutical drugs  as model analytes. In order to demonstrate the performance of the procedure, results of  electrophoretic separations obtained at p[S] found as optimum are compared with separations  obtained at p[S] values slightly higher and lower than the optimum.