IMBIV   05474
INSTITUTO MULTIDISCIPLINARIO DE BIOLOGIA VEGETAL
Unidad Ejecutora - UE
artículos
Título:
Crop rotation and tillage systems as a proactive strategy in the control of peanut fungal soilborne diseases
Autor/es:
VARGAS GIL, S.; MERILES, J. M.; HARO, R.; CASINI, C.; MARCH, G. J.
Revista:
BIOCONTROL (DORDRECHT)
Referencias:
Año: 2007
ISSN:
1386-6141
Resumen:
Soil management practices can affect the population dynamics of soil microbial
communities. Cultural practices can be adequately combined to benefit natural populations
of microorganisms that may have a role in biological control (actinomycetes,
Trichoderma spp., and Gliocladium spp.), thus contributing to the management of peanut
fungal soilborne diseases in a sustainable manner within ecological boundaries. During six
agricultural cycles, rhizosphere soil samples were taken from a field subjected to crop
rotation (soybean, peanut, and maize), peanut being under two tillage systems (no till,
reduced tillage) with the aim of quantifying populations of soil microorganisms. The
incidence of diseases caused by soilborne fungi in peanut was determined at harvest. The
highest amount of actinomycetes, Trichoderma spp., and Gliocladium spp. were recorded
when maize was the preceding crop. Regarding tillage systems, the populations of the three
groups of microorganisms were higher in peanut under no tillage than under reduced
tillage. Under these conditions, the lowest incidence of peanut blight (Sclerotinia minor)
and root rot (strains of Fusarium solani) was observed, suggesting a possible natural
control of peanut soilborne pathogens. The quantification of actinomycetes, Trichodermaspp., and Gliocladium spp.), thus contributing to the management of peanut
fungal soilborne diseases in a sustainable manner within ecological boundaries. During six
agricultural cycles, rhizosphere soil samples were taken from a field subjected to crop
rotation (soybean, peanut, and maize), peanut being under two tillage systems (no till,
reduced tillage) with the aim of quantifying populations of soil microorganisms. The
incidence of diseases caused by soilborne fungi in peanut was determined at harvest. The
highest amount of actinomycetes, Trichoderma spp., and Gliocladium spp. were recorded
when maize was the preceding crop. Regarding tillage systems, the populations of the three
groups of microorganisms were higher in peanut under no tillage than under reduced
tillage. Under these conditions, the lowest incidence of peanut blight (Sclerotinia minor)
and root rot (strains of Fusarium solani) was observed, suggesting a possible natural
control of peanut soilborne pathogens. The quantification of actinomycetes, TrichodermaTrichoderma spp., and Gliocladium spp. were recorded
when maize was the preceding crop. Regarding tillage systems, the populations of the three
groups of microorganisms were higher in peanut under no tillage than under reduced
tillage. Under these conditions, the lowest incidence of peanut blight (Sclerotinia minor)
and root rot (strains of Fusarium solani) was observed, suggesting a possible natural
control of peanut soilborne pathogens. The quantification of actinomycetes, TrichodermaSclerotinia minor)
and root rot (strains of Fusarium solani) was observed, suggesting a possible natural
control of peanut soilborne pathogens. The quantification of actinomycetes, TrichodermaFusarium solani) was observed, suggesting a possible natural
control of peanut soilborne pathogens. The quantification of actinomycetes, TrichodermaTrichoderma
spp., and Gliocladium spp. was used as a tool to explore the impacts of different management
systems on microbial groups that may be involved in the biological control of
soilborne diseases, with the aim of combining those practices that improve native populations
of possible beneficial microorganisms. This manipulation can provide sustainable
management strategies in the control of soilborne diseases, avoiding the use of artificial
inoculations of microorganisms, and reducing agrochemical application.Gliocladium spp. was used as a tool to explore the impacts of different management
systems on microbial groups that may be involved in the biological control of
soilborne diseases, with the aim of combining those practices that improve native populations
of possible beneficial microorganisms. This manipulation can provide sustainable
management strategies in the control of soilborne diseases, avoiding the use of artificial
inoculations of microorganisms, and reducing agrochemical application.