The argentine wild Helianthus annuus L. genetic resource

CANTAMUTTO M.; POVERENE M.; PRESOTTO A.

Helia

Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts

Año: 2010 vol. 33 p. 47 - 52

1018-1806

Wild Helianthus annuus naturalized in Argentina could be a valuablegermplasm source for cultivated sunflower. Five wild populations collected indifferent environments and with different phenotype expression were evaluatedas a genetic resource in a common garden study. The populations showed normalmeiosis and produced a good seed set when their plants pollinated themale-sterile inbred line A09 (cms PET1). The wild populations restored morethan 80% fertility of the HA89 (cms PET1) and A10 (cms PET1) inbred lines inthe F1 generation. The fertility of one male sterile source from Mendoza wasrestored (>95%) by the maintainer line B10. The fatty acid composition differentiateda population from Entre Ríos with a high saturated fatty acid content(>107 g kg-1). Another population from La Pampa showed a high level (>50%)of resistance to the Sunflower Chlorotic Mottle Virus (SuCMoV). No wild populationsshowed tolerance to imazaphyr sprayed at 2× doses (×=80 g i.a. ha-1).A population collected in the coolest environment showed high tolerance to lowtemperature (15/5°C, neutral day) in the initial grow stages (<3 expandedleaves). A population collected in a dry and hot habitat showed the highest germination(>80%) under water stress (-0.4 MPa) imposed by polyethylene glycol6000. This population and a second one from southern Buenos Aires showedthe lowest leaf temperature increase (<10%) and the highest foliar specific densityunder artificial drought during the R4 to R6 reproductive stages. It wasconcluded that wild H. annuus naturalized in central Argentina can supplysome useful traits for sunflower breeding.