Ceramides modulate cell-surface acetylcholine receptor levels

GALLEGOS C, PEDICONI M AND BARRANTES FJ

BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES

Elsevier

Año: 2008 vol. 1778 p. 917 - 930

0005-2736

Ceramides modulate cell-surface acetylcholine receptor levels C.E. Gallegos, M.F. Pediconi, F.J. Barrantes Abstract The effects of ceramides (Cer) on the trafficking of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) to the plasma membrane were studied in CHOK1/ A5 cells, a clonal cell line that heterologously expresses the adult murine form of the receptor. When cells were incubated with short- (C6-Cer) or long- (brain-Cer) chain Cer at low concentrations, an increase in the number of cell-surface AChRs was observed concomitant with a decrease in intracellular receptor levels. The alteration in AChR distribution by low Cer treatment does not appear to be a general mechanism since the surface expression of the green fluorescent protein derivative of the vesicular stomatitis virus protein (VSVG-GFP) was not affected. High Cer concentrations caused the opposite effects, decreasing the number of cell-surface AChRs, which exhibited higher affinity for [125I]-á- bungarotoxin, and increasing the intracellular pool, which colocalized with trans-Golgi/TGN specific markers. The generation of endogenous Cer by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. bungarotoxin, and increasing the intracellular pool, which colocalized with trans-Golgi/TGN specific markers. The generation of endogenous Cer by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. bungarotoxin, and increasing the intracellular pool, which colocalized with trans-Golgi/TGN specific markers. The generation of endogenous Cer by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. bungarotoxin, and increasing the intracellular pool, which colocalized with trans-Golgi/TGN specific markers. The generation of endogenous Cer by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. bungarotoxin, and increasing the intracellular pool, which colocalized with trans-Golgi/TGN specific markers. The generation of endogenous Cer by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. or long- (brain-Cer) chain Cer at low concentrations, an increase in the number of cell-surface AChRs was observed concomitant with a decrease in intracellular receptor levels. The alteration in AChR distribution by low Cer treatment does not appear to be a general mechanism since the surface expression of the green fluorescent protein derivative of the vesicular stomatitis virus protein (VSVG-GFP) was not affected. High Cer concentrations caused the opposite effects, decreasing the number of cell-surface AChRs, which exhibited higher affinity for [125I]-á- bungarotoxin, and increasing the intracellular pool, which colocalized with trans-Golgi/TGN specific markers. The generation of endogenous Cer by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. bungarotoxin, and increasing the intracellular pool, which colocalized with trans-Golgi/TGN specific markers. The generation of endogenous Cer by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. bungarotoxin, and increasing the intracellular pool, which colocalized with trans-Golgi/TGN specific markers. The generation of endogenous Cer by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. bungarotoxin, and increasing the intracellular pool, which colocalized with trans-Golgi/TGN specific markers. The generation of endogenous Cer by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. activation. Taken together, the results indicate that Cer modulate trafficking of AChRs to and stability at the cell surface. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. by sphingomyelinase treatment also decreased cell-surface AChR levels. These effects do not involve protein kinase Cæ or protein phosphatase 2A activation. Taken together, the results indi