Assembly of chloroplast genomes provides insights into the origin of cultivated peanut

SAMOLUK SS; SEIJO JG; BERTIOLI DJ; ABERNATHY B

Mendoza

Congreso; A2B2C 10th Congress; 2019

BackgroundThe cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is an important source of protein and oil and is cultivated is cultivated under diverse agricultural production systems in Asia, Africa, Australia, and the Americas. It is an allotetraploid species (2n=4x=40) of recent origin with an AABB genome constitution. Evidence from cytogenetic and molecular experiments suggests that A. duranensis (A-genome) and A. ipaensis (B-genome) are the wild diploid species (2n=2x=20) most likely involved in the origin of the cultigen. It was found that A. ipaensis K30076 is possibly the direct descendant of the same population that contributed the B subgenome in peanut. In contrast, there are many different accessions of A. duranensis that are possible donors of the A subgenome. In order to identify the A. duranensis accession most closely related to that involved in the peanut origin, we performed whole genome sequencing of different accessions of A. duranensis using Illumina technology. Whole chloroplast genomes of A. duranensis accessions were assembled and annotated. These sequences and the previously assembled chloroplast sequences of four varieties of A. hypogaea (peruviana, vulgaris, fastigiata and aequatoriana) were aligned and analyzed in a distance tree.ResultsThe whole chloroplast genome of the accession of A. duranensis from Rio Seco (Salta, Argentina) was the most closely related to the chloroplast genomes of A. hypogaea varieties.ConclusionsThis study will help to identify the accession of A. duranensis that more likely was involved as the A genome donor of peanut genome, and will provide a better understanding of the genetic origin of this crop.