Individual and contextual exposures and cardio-metabolic diseases in adults of Argentina. A contribution for epidemiological surveillance

ABALLAY LR; NICLIS C; ROMÁN MD; POU SA; BECARIA COQUET J; EANDI MA; FERNANDEZ RA; REARTES GABRIELA; CANALE M; CARRILLO MN; DÍAZ MP; MUÑOZ SE; BUTINOF M

Washington

Conferencia; 32nd Annual Conference of the International Society for Environment; 2020

The aim of this study was to assess the association of individual and contextual exposures with cardio-metabolic diseases (CMD) occurrence in adults ofCórdoba province (Argentina) for epidemiological surveillance purposes. Methods: A population-based study of 493 subjects (30-60 years-old) wasperformed in Córdoba Province, Argentina, in 2017. Bio-socio-economic individual characteristics (gender, age, BMI, tobacco habit, socio-economic statusand occupational exposure); adherence level to characteristics dietary patterns (DP) (Argentine Pro-inflammatory-APP-, Fast food -FSP-, SimileMediterranean -SMP- and Prudent-PP-), and contextual exposure (farm machinery warehouse -FMW- and agricultural pesticide applications-NAP- within100m from home) were assessed. Self-reported hypertension (HT), diabetes (DBT), and obesity (measured BMI) were the CMD considered. For the analysis,all CMD were considered together and independently (HT, DBT and obesity). Two steps were performed: 1) Multiple Correspondence Analyses (MCA) forexploring exposure profiles; 2) Logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the association between individual and contextual exposures and CMD (inthe full sample and stratified by two socio-environmental and economically differentiated areas, north and south). Results: MCA identified two differentprofiles regarding sociodemographic and environmental indicators -coincident with areas studied- (71.39% of explained variation on first and secondfactors). 42% of all the individuals had at least one CMD (19% HT, 7.3% DBT and 32.52% obesity); age and a high socioeconomic status were directly andinversely associated to all CMD, together and independently. Also, BMI was associated with HT and DBT; SMP (overall) and PP (in North area) were inverselyassociated with all CMD together and specifically with obesity; the environmental exposure FMW was significantly associated with DBT, while NAP wasassociated with all CMD and particularly with HT, in the North area. Conclusions: In Córdoba province, epidemiological surveillance programs are required toreduce CMD epidemic; both individual and community - environmental factors needs to be addressed.