Gossypol and total phenols of eleven varieties of whole cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum) from the North of Argentina.

GARCÍA, E.M.; BERTON,C; CASENAVE, E.; NAZARENO M. A.; ARROQUY, J.I.

Phoenix, Arizona, Estados Unidos

Congreso; ADSA-AMPA-ASAS- CSAS- WSASAS- 2012 Joint Anual Meeting; 2012

ADSA-AMPA-ASAS- CSAS- WSASAS

Whole cottonseed (WCS, Gossypium hirsutum) is a feedstuff usually fed in beef and dairy cattle rations. Gossypol is a polyphenol pigment in WCS and cotton byproducts, and its concentrations depend on several factors such as genotype, temperature, and rainfall. This pigment is considered as an antiquality factor that might affect animal performance and ruminal metabolism. The objective of this study was to quantify gossypol concentration and nutritional profile of WCS from eleven varieties cultivated in Northern Argentina, and usually fed to cattle. Varieties studied were: Guazuncho 3, Pora, Poraite, New opal BT, Guazuncho 2000 RR, BT604, BT404, Cacique, Chaco 530, Oro blanco, and an experimental cultvirar. Samples were collected in 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2011 were analyzed for total soluble protein, ash, total fat, total phenolic compounds (TF; Folin-Ciocalteu), and free gossypol. Gossypol was analyzed by HPLC-DAS with external standard using a purified gossypol. Total phenolic compounds concentration in the varieties oscillates from 0.54 to 1.16% (Tannic acid equivalent). Gossypol content in WCS was 0.06-1.36%. Soluble protein varied from 0.53 to 2.24%. Total fat was 17.59-25.65%. Results from this preliminary study indicate small variation in gossypol and TF levels among eleven varieties grown in the north of Argentina.