Potencial sinergia de los aceites esenciales en combinación con antibióticos comerciales

BEATRIZ LIMA

MENDOZA

Conferencia; XXXIV Reunión Científica Anual de la Sociedad de Biología de Cuyo; 2018

Sociedad de Biología de Cuyo

The high rate of fungal infections, along with the limited efficacy and high toxicity of available antifungal drugs, render imperative the need for the development of new potential therapeutic options against the most important clinically fungi. A possible solution may be to combine existing antibiotics with essential oils (Eos) to enhance the efficacy of then. The antibiotics have several modes of action and the essential oil components may act synergistically, affecting multiple targets; by physicochemical interactions and inhibiting antifungal-resistance mechanisms. Many reported assays show additive or moderate synergism, indicating that EOs may offer possibilities for reducing antibiotic use. Herein, it presents el effect of the essential oils obtained from species of the native flora combined with commercial antifungals; the approach was to develop potential antifungal with a minor toxicity and most effective. The checkerboard test, that evaluates the effect of interactions between two antimicrobial substances, was the method used. The combined effects between EOs of eight species from San Juan province and three commercial antifungals, against yeast and dermatophyte strains of clinical relevance, analyzed with the Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI) values. Synergistic effect was observed (FICI =0.31) between A. cryptantha EO (4000 m a.s.l.) in combination with fluconazole against C. albicans, while that against C. neoformans, the A. mendozana, A. cryptantha (2700 m a.s.l.). L. integrifolia EOs showed an additive response (FICI = 0.62, 0.75, 0.75, respectively). Regarding dermatophytes, A. seriphioides and A. cryptantha EOs combined with terbinafine displayed an additive effect against T. rubrum (FICI = 0.56) and M. gypseum (FICI=1.03). All combinations showed doses reductions regard evaluated antifungals (dose reduction index, DRI 16.25 and 32). The EOs of species collected in the province of San Juan in combination with commercial drugs could for the development of a new antifungal agent useful for the treatment of infections associated with C. albicans and T. rubrum, thus minimize the side effects, and prevent the emergence of antifungal resistance. Despite the promising results given by in vitro studies there is still need to find molecular basis of mode of action of these EOs.