Antioxidants Phytochemicals of Nutraceutical Importance from Agri-Horticultural Waste

GUPTA, C.; NAZARENO M. A.; PRAKASH, D.

Noida

Conferencia; International Conference on Recent Advances in Agricultural Sciences (ICRAAS); 2021

Amity University

Phytochemicals such as polyphenols, carotenoids, tocopherols and ascorbates are strongnatural antioxidants generally found in plants and have protection against oxidation caused byuncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species and the concomitant lipid peroxidation,protein damage and DNA strand breakage and associated disorders. There has been anincreased awareness over utilization of agri-horticultural residues to develop useful productsto protect environment and nutritional security. Some selected agri-horticultural residuesfrom Allium cepa varieties (peels, Onion), Arachis hypogaea (pericarp, seed coat,Groundnut), Brassica campestris (aerial parts, Mustard), Brassica oleracea (Cauliflower),Capsicum annum (Mircha), Helianthus annus (sunflower), H. esculentus (Lady finger), Pisumsativum (Peas), Solanum melongena (Brinjal), Solanum tuberosum (Potato), Sesamumindicum (Til, var Black & White) were studied for their total phenolic content (TPC mg/gGAE gallic acid equivalent) and antioxidant activity (AOA %). Phenols, a major group ofantioxidant phytochemicals, have profound importance due to their biological and free radicalscavenging activities. The TPC ranged from 12.0 (H. annus roots) to 146.2 mg/g GAE (A.hypogaea seed coat), followed by peels of A. cepa red 64.1 and violet variety 57.5 mg/gGAE. The AOA of residues extract ranged from 26.5 (H. annus roots) to 89.8 % (A.hypogaea seed coat), followed by A. cepa red variety peels 75.8 and Solanum melongenafruit pulp 60.0%. Plants with promising AOA were further investigated for free radicalscavenging activity (FRSA) in terms of IC50, EC50, ARP and reducing power as comparedto quercetin as reference standard and also subjected to concentration dependent free radicalscavenging effects of Fe3+ dependent hydroxyl radicals reduced DNA nicking.Identification of specific polyphenols was through HPLC and further substantiated by LCMS/MS. It was concluded that seed coat of A. hypogaea and peels of A. cepa are the richsources of antioxidants due to the presence of bioactive phenols and might have tremendouspotential as nutraceuticals, functional foods, prevention of free radicals, oxidative stress andassociated disorders.