¿Cómo impacta la fecha de siembra sobre la aptitud granífera y forrajera en maíz?

CHAZARRETA, Y.; ALVAREZ PRADO, S.; OTEGUI, M.E.

Pergamino

Congreso; MAIZIFICANDO CONCIENCIA. XII Congreso Nacional de Maiz; 2022

AIANBA

Late-sown maize (Zea mays L.) crops represent 50 % of the current maize area in Argentina. The main goal of this work was to evaluate the effect of delayed late sowing dates on grain and forage aptitudes in a set of six commercial maize hybrids when grown under contrasting sowing date × year environments in the temperate Central Pampas region. Grain yield, harvest index, grain dry-down, fresh biomass, and duration of the chopping window for whole-plant silage were measured to evaluate grain and forage aptitudes. Grain yield was maximized in early (2019/2020) as well as late sowing dates (2020/2021), whereas the harvest index was always higher in the early sowing dates. Both kernel desiccation rates (before and post physiological maturity) were highest (in absolute values) in early sowings. Hybrids differed in their kernel desiccation rates. The chopping window occurred earlier (32 – 46 days after silking) and was shorter (14 days) in early than in late sowing dates (46 - 66 days after silking and 21 days, respectively). Fresh biomass production was higher in the late sowing date environments than in the early ones. Thus, the best genotype for grain yield is not necessary the best one for forage yield, as suggested by The the change of ranking between hybrids of the hybrids dependinged on the environment and the crop final usage.