PROBIOTICS AND POSBIOTICS: FOCUS ON METABOLIC SYNDROME

PAOLA GAUFFIN-CANO; ANTONELA MÁRQUEZ; MATIAS RUSSO; ESTEFANÍA ANDRADA; CLAUDIA ABEIJÓN MUKDSI; ROXANA MEDINA

Current Advances for Development of Functional Foods Modulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

ELSEIVER

Año: 2021;

The metabolic syndrome is defined by a constellation of clinical criteria, whichallows identifying patients at increased risk for cardiovascular disease, type II diabetesmellitus, obesity and other comorbidities. Identifying and understanding the different set ofrisk factors in the population would allow new and different treatment strategies.Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota plays a significant role in the initiation andprogression of metabolic syndrome. It is known that the gut microbiota can modulate plasmaglucose, appetite, serum lipids, pro-inflammation and oxidative stress. The complex andorchestrated molecular cross-talk between the host and the gut microbiome is realised bybioactive metabolites and signalling molecules synthesised by the gut microbiome. Thosemetabolites play a significant role in modulating human health in diversified ways. Therefore,based on these current achievements, gut microbiota may be a potential therapeutic target formetabolic diseases. Their manipulation employing specific microorganisms and substrates tobenefit the host metabolism has received substantial interest. Overall, the addition ofprobiotics to the prevention or treatment of patients with metabolic syndrome may have anadvantage over the current medical treatment in terms of improvement of some clinicalcharacteristics of the metabolic syndrome. The vast panorama of utilising probiotics iscontinuously expanding, and evidence shows that conferring the health benefits throughmetabolites, called postbiotics. This chapter describes short-chain fatty acids, polyunsaturatedfatty acids, and phenolic compounds as main postbiotics targeting the inflammation andoxidative stress biomarkers present in the metabolic syndrome.