Sandstone Geomorphology: Cerro Colorado, Sierras Pampeanas, Córdoba, Argentina

BORETTO, G; CIOCCALE, M.; CARIGNANO, C.; GORDILLO, S.; RECALDE, A.; TISSERA, LUIS

Advances in Geomorphology and Quaternary Studies in Argentina

Springer

Año: 2021; p. 30 - 52

The Cerro Colorado Cultural and Natural Reserve, Córdoba,Argentina, is well known for its impressive rock paintings on sandstone formations.While previous research in the area has focused mainly on archaeologicalsites, this study describes the surface geology and focuses on the diversity andpossible origins of the regional sandstone landforms. This work aims to characterizethe geomorphology of Cerro Colorado, to document the variety of sandstonemorphologies and to understand their possible processes within a globalcontext. Multi-Error-Removed Improved-Terrain digital elevation models (DEM)with a 30-m spatial resolution were used as a primary data source for obtaininga geomorphological map of the study area. Features were digitally drawn into ageographical information system (GIS) by analyzing satellite images and shadedimages derived from DEMs using ARC GIS and SAGA software. During fieldwork,we photographed and measured the landforms and took GPSmeasurements.The landforms are probably a product of surface lithological reactions linked toweathering and erosion processes caused by regional climate changes throughoutthe geological past. The cavernous landforms contain native rock paintings, whichmake them unique in the region. The conservation of archaeological sites requiresgeomorphological knowledge in order to prevent degradation and loss of culturaland natural heritage.