Hippocamelus bisulcus

JIMÉNEZ, J.; GUINEO, G.; CORTI, P.; SMITH, J.A.; FLUCK, W.T.; VILA, A.; GIZEJEWSKI, Z.; GILL, R.; MCSHEA, W.; GEIST, V.

2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

IUCN

Lugar: Gland, Switzerland; Año: 2008; p. 1 - 12

Assessment of Hippocamelus bisulcus for IUCN Red ListJustification:This species is considered to be Endangered due to an ongoing decline due to habitat loss and hunting, reduction in range (area of occupancy) and because remaining populations are small and fragmented.Criterion B (Geographic range):The area of occupancy reflects the fact that the huemul will not usually occur throughout the area of its extent of occurrence, which may contain unsuitable or unoccupied habitats. Population estimates for this species are a minimum of 1048 and a maximum of 1500 (Lopez et al. 1998; Polilitis 1983, 2006; Diaz and Smith-Fluenck 2000). Densities of 5-8.6 huemul/km² have been reported in well-studied groups (Diaz and Smith-Fluenck 2000, Frid 1999, Grosse 1949, Wensing, 2005), and based on body size, huemul are expected to occur at densities of about 5 deer/km² (Damuth 1987). Therefore we estimate the area of  occupancy is likely much less than 500 km². The population is severely fragmented (Vila et al. 2006, Lopez et al. 1998, Diaz and Smith-Fluenck 2000). There are 101 groups (subpopulations) recognized for the 1048-1500 huemul, 60% of groups are found within one grid of max. 64 km² (often 10-20 individuals), 15% of groups are found within 2 grids of max. 128 km² (often 10-30 animals), and 8% of populations are found within an areas of only 192 km² (often 10-30 animals); (i) extent of occurrence: decline observed and projected (Polilitis 1998, 2003; Smith-Flueck et al. 2004); (ii) area of occupancy: decline observed and projected (Polilitis 1998 2003; Smith-Flueck et al. 2004); (iii) area, extent and/or quality of habitat: decline observed and projected (13); (iv) number of locations or subpopulations: decline observed and projected (Polilitis 1998, 2003; Smith-Flueck et al. 2004); (v) number of mature individuals: decline observed and projected (Polilitis 1998, 2003; Smith-Flueck et al. 2004)Criterion C (small population and decline):There are fewer than 2,500 mature individuals; there is a continuing and projected decline innumbers of mature individuals; and no subpopulation estimated to contain more than 250 mature individuals (Vila et al. 2006, Lopez et al. 1998; Polilitis 1983, 2006; Diaz and  Smith-Flueck 2000).