Lace bugs (Tingidae)

GUIDOTI M.; MONTEMAYOR S.I.; GUILBERT E.

True Bugs (Heteroptera) of the Neotropics

Springer

Año: 2015; p. 395 - 419

Tingidae is a family of small hemimetabolous, plant-feeding bugs usually called ?lace bugs? due to the lace-like aspect of the hemelytra and pronotum of most of its species. Tingidae is unique among the Heteroptera because it is the single family with a high specific richness in which all its member are exclusively phytophagous. It is distributed world-wide and comprises about 2500 species arranged in 300 genera. The family is composed by three subfamilies: Vianaidinae, Cantacaderinae and Tinginae, all distributed in the Neotropical Region, with Vianaidinae being endemic (though there are fossil records from the Neartic Region). Approximately 600 species distributed in around 70 genera are currently known for this Region. Herein different aspects of the Neotropical Tingidae are treated that include biology, nymph development and maternal care, ecology, biodiversity and main genera, and economically important species. Additional comments are provided, as well as an update to all relevant information for each of these genera, with a key to the most economically important ones .