INVESTIGADORES
ROMERO eder Lilia
capítulos de libros
Título:
Intracellular Bacteria and Protozoa
Autor/es:
MARIA JOSE MORILLA, EDER LILIA ROMERO
Libro:
Intracellular Delivery. Fundamentals and Applications
Editorial:
Springer
Referencias:
Año: 2011; p. 745 - 812
Resumen:
Selecting antimicrobials as a function of their chemical structure is a
classical paradigm that was challenged by the advent of nanomedicines. Drugs carried
in nanoparticles can be delivered into intracellular compartments in cells from
selected tissues, independently of free drugs pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
Inflammation associated to most infections favors the passive targeting of
intravenous or topical nanomedicines against those accessible from blood circulation
or close to the skin surface, infected macrophages. As a result treatments become
more selective and less toxic. Up to date however preclinical development of nanomedicines
is limited to increase the targeting to infected cells. After cell uptake,
drugs carried in nanoparticles are delivered to the endolysosomal pathway. The use
of nanoparticles that could provide drug delivery to cell cytoplasm site of residence
of most of the infectious targets excepting leishmania-remains unexplored.
In this chapter we will survey the use of nano or microparticles as antimicrobials
carriers against experimental tuberculosis, salmonellosis, tularemia, chlamydiasis,
malaria, leishmaniasis, Chagass disease and toxoplasmosis. The inhalation of anti
tuberculose drugs in nano and microparticles directly targets alveolar macrophages,
reduces the number of administrations and provides surfactant material to atelectatic
lungs. Inhalation has been the only succeeding via of administration for nanomedicines
against chlamydiasis. The same as against salmonellosis and tularemia, antimycobacterial
drugs loaded in intravenously administered nanoparticles effectively
target extrapulmonary infected macrophages in the disseminated form of the
diseases. Intravenously nanoparticles did not succeed in targeting infected erythrocytes,
but were effective against infected hepatocytes in malaria. On the other hand,
targets in visceral leishmaniasis are treated with intravenous nanomedicines, but the
cutaneous and muco-cutaneous clinical forms need improved delivery strategies.
Chagass diseases and toxoplasmosis, two diseases with intracytoplasmic targets
within non phagocytic cells in tissues where inflammation is almost absent remain
as unsurpassed challenges for nanomedical approaches
Chagass diseases and toxoplasmosis, two diseases with intracytoplasmic targets
within non phagocytic cells in tissues where inflammation is almost absent remain
as unsurpassed challenges for nanomedical approaches