Tropical and subtropical wetland plant species used for phytoremediation in treatment wetlands

HADAD, H.R.; MAINE, M.A.

Wetlands for remediation in the tropics

Springer Nature

Año: 2023; p. 31 - 50

Treatment wetlands (TWs) provide a highly applicable nature-based solution for water quality problems across a range of scenarios. The high diversity of aquatic plants in tropical and subtropical regions of the world provides great potential for uses in TWs. However, the abundant literature about TWs is scarce regarding aspects such as the plant role, ecology, bioaccumulation efficiency, and the search for native alternative species. Additional studies are needed with a focus on the role of plants, particularly those that have not been studied in detail, theirresponses to different pollutants, their tolerance to high levels of contaminants, and their ability to accumulate pollutants in tissues. The aims of this chapter are to characterize the plant species used in TWs from tropical and subtropical regions, to describe the role of plants and their ecological dynamics in TWs, and to assess some alternative species that potentially can be used in TWs.