A Paleogenomic Reconstruction of the Deep Population History of the Andes

NAKATSUKA, NATHAN; LAZARIDIS, IOSIF; BARBIERI, CHIARA; SKOGLUND, PONTUS; ROHLAND, NADIN; MALLICK, SWAPAN; POSTH, COSIMO; HARKINS-KINKAID, KELLY; FERRY, MATTHEW; HARNEY, ÉADAOIN; MICHEL, MEGAN; STEWARDSON, KRISTIN; NOVAK-FORST, JANNINE; CAPRILES, JOSÉ M.; DURRUTY, MARTA ALFONSO; ÁLVAREZ, KARINA ARANDA; BERESFORD-JONES, DAVID; BURGER, RICHARD; CADWALLADER, LAUREN; FUJITA, RICARDO; ISLA, JOHNY; LAU, GEORGE; AGUIRRE, CARLOS LÉMUZ; LEBLANC, STEVEN; MALDONADO, SERGIO CALLA; MEDDENS, FRANK; MESSINEO, PABLO G.; CULLETON, BRENDAN J.; HARPER, THOMAS K.; QUILTER, JEFFREY; POLITIS, GUSTAVO; RADEMAKER, KURT; REINDEL, MARKUS; RIVERA, MARIO; SALAZAR, LUCY; SANDOVAL, JOSÉ R.; SANTORO, CALOGERO M.; SCHEIFLER, NAHUEL; STANDEN, VIVIEN; BARRETO, MARIA INES; ESPINOZA, ISABEL FLORES; TOMASTO-CAGIGAO, ELSA; VALVERDE, GUIDO; KENNETT, DOUGLAS J.; COOPER, ALAN; KRAUSE, JOHANNES; HAAK, WOLFGANG; LLAMAS, BASTIEN; REICH, DAVID; FEHREN-SCHMITZ, LARS

CELL

CELL PRESS

Lugar: United States; Año: 2020 vol. 181 p. 1131 - 1145

0092-8674

There are many unanswered questions about the population history of the Central and South Central Andes, particularly regarding the impact of large-scale societies, such as the Moche, Wari, Tiwanaku, and Inca. We assembled genome-wide data on 89 individuals dating from 9,000-500 years ago (BP), with a particular focus on the period of the rise and fall of state societies. Today´s genetic structure began to develop by 5,800 BP, followed by bi-directional gene flow between the North and South Highlands, and between the Highlands and Coast. We detect minimal admixture among neighboring groups between 2,000-500 BP,although we do detect cosmopolitanism (people of diverse ancestries living side-by-side) in the heartlands of the Tiwanaku and Inca polities. We also highlight cases of long-range mobility connecting the Andes to Argentina and the Northwest Andes to the Amazon Basin.