Psychology qua Psychoanalysis in Argentina: Some Historical Origins of a Philosophical Problem (1942-1964)

FIERRO, CATRIEL; ARAUJO, SAULO DE FREITAS

The Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences

Wiley

Año: 2021 vol. 57 p. 149 - 171

Contemporary Argentinian psychology has a unique characteristic: it is identified with psychoanalysis. Non-psychoanalytic theories and therapies are difficult to find. In addition, there is an overt anti-scientific attitude within many psychology programs. How should this be explained? In this paper, we claim that a philosophical history of psychology can shed new light on the development of Argentinian psychology by showing that early Argentinian psychoanalysts held positions in the newborn psychology programs and a distinctive stance toward scientific research in general and psychology in particular. In the absence of an explicit and articulate philosophical position, psychoanalysts developed an implicit meta-theory that helped shape the context that led to the institutionalization and professionalization of psychology in Argentina. Although we do not establish or even suggest a monocausal link between their ideas and the current state of Argentinian psychology, we do claim that their impact should be explored. Finally, we discuss some limitations of our study and suggest future complementary investigations.