Evaluation of Herbicides for Chemical Weed Control in Lily Bulb Production

MARINANGELI, PABLO; LOPEZ CASTRO, RAMÓN; FACCHINETTI, CECILIA; REINOSO, LUCIO; IRIGOYEN, JORGE; CURVETTO, NÉSTOR

WEED TECHNOLOGY

WEED SCI SOC AMER

Año: 2009

0890-037X

Information on the chemical control of weeds in lily cultivation in South America is scarce. Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to evaluate the phytotoxic effect and weed control of pre- and post-emergence herbicides in lily bulb production in Argentina. In greenhouse studies, bromoxynil, 415.2 g ai/ha; fluroxypyr, 200 g ai/ha; metsulfuron, 3 g ai/ha; iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium, 3 g ai/ha + metsulfuron, 3 g ai/ha; oxyfluorfen, 240 g ai/ha; ioxynil, 528.75 g ai/ha; and linuron, 750 g ai/ha produced severe aerial symptoms of phytotoxicity and/or death of bulbs. Glyphosate, 720 to 960 g ai/ha, produced mild symptoms. Aclonifen, 720 to 1440 g ai/ha produced no symptoms or light symptoms that reverted. In field conditions pre-emergence herbicides metolachlor, 960 g ai/ha + atrazine, 1500 g ai/ha and metolachlor, 960 g ai/ha + flumetsulam 80 g ai/ha provided good weed control but were phytotoxic for lily plants with chlorosis as the main symptom. The best combination of pre-emergence herbicides was metolachlor, 960 g ai/ha + linuron, 750 g ai/ha with light or no phytotoxicity and no bulb yield reduction. Diuron, 800 g ai/ha at post-emergence was the most effective treatement without phytotoxicity, and in combination with metolachlor, 960 g ai/ha + linuron, 750 g ai/ha at pre-emergence demonstrated appropriate weed control till 40 days after diuron application, without yield reduction. Results obtained with glyphosate indicate that the Lilium genus presents some tolerance to this herbicide, which justifies continuing its evaluation to control weeds in lily cultivation.