Reconstructing the Deep Population History of Central and South America

COSIMO POSTH; NATHAN NAKATSUKA; IOSIF LAZARIDIS; PONTUS SKOGLUND; SWAPAN MALLICK; THISEAS C. LAMNIDIS; NADIN ROHLAND; KATHRIN NAGELE; NICOLE ADAMSKI; EMILIE BERTOLINI; NASREEN BROOMANDKHOSHBACHT; ALAN COOPER; BRENDAN J. CULLETON; TIAGO FERRAZ; MATTHEW FERRY; ANJA FURTWANGLER; WOLFGANG HAAK; KELLY HARKINS; THOMAS K. HARPER; TÁBITA HUNEMEIER; ANN MARIE LAWSON; BASTIEN LLAMAS; MEGAN MICHEL; ELIZABETH NELSON; JONAS OPPENHEIMER; NICK PATTERSON; STEPHAN SCHIFFELS; JAKOB SEDIG; KRISTIN STEWARDSON; SAHRA TALAMO; CHUAN-CHAO WANG; JEAN-JACQUES HUBLIN; MARK HUBBE; KATERINA HARVATI; AMALIA NUEVO DELAUNAY; JUDITH BEIER; MICHAEL FRANCKEN; PETER KAULICKE; HUGO REYES-CENTENO; KURT RADEMAKER; WILLA R. TRASK; MARK ROBINSON; SAID M. GUTIERREZ; KEITH M. PRUFER; DOMINGO C. SALAZAR-GARCÍA; ELIANE N. CHIM; LISIANE MULLER PLUMM GOMES; MARCONY L. ALVES; ANDERSEN LIRYO; MARIANA INGLEZ; RODRIGO E. OLIVEIRA; DANILO V. BERNARDO; ALBERTO BARIONI; VERONICA WESOLOWSKI; NAHUEL SCHEIFLER; MARIO A. RIVERA; CLAUDIA R. PLENS; PABLO G. MESSINEO;

CELL

CELL PRESS

Lugar: United States; Año: 2018 vol. 175 p. 1185 - 1197

0092-8674

We report genome-wide ancient DNA from 49 individuals forming four parallel time transects in Belize, Brazil, the Central Andes, and the Southern Cone, each dating to at least 9,000 years ago. The common ancestral population radiated rapidly from just one of the two early branches that contributed to Native Americans today. We document two previously unappreciated streams of gene flow between North and South America. One affected the CentralAndes by 4,200 years ago, while the other explains an affinity between the oldest North American genome associated with the Clovis culture and the oldest Central and South Americans from Chile, Brazil, and Belize. However, this was not the primary source for later South Americans, as the other ancient individuals derive from lineages withoutspecific affinity to the Clovis-associated genome, suggesting a population replacement that began at least 9,000 years ago and was followed by substantial population continuity in multiple regions.