INVESTIGADORES
D'ERAMO Fabiana
artículos
Título:
Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Cross-Linked Electroactive Polymer Formed from a Bipolar Starburst Monomer
Autor/es:
J. NATERA; L. OTERO; F. D'ERAMO; L.E.SERENO; F.FUNGO; NUNG-SEN WANG; YEUN-MIN TSAI; KEN-TSUNG WONG
Revista:
MACROMOLECULES
Editorial:
ACS
Referencias:
Año: 2009 vol. 42 p. 626 - 635
ISSN:
0024-9297
Resumen:
This Article describes the synthesis and physical properties of two bipolar starburst monomers:
1,3,5-tris{5-(7-(carbazol-9-yl)-(9,9-spirobifluoren-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl}benzene (OXD-CBZ) and 1,3,5-
tris[7-diphenyl-(9,9-spirobifluorene)-1,3,4-oxadiazoyl]benzene (OXD-DPA) featuring an electron-deficient tris(1,3,4-
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
tris[7-diphenyl-(9,9-spirobifluorene)-1,3,4-oxadiazoyl]benzene (OXD-DPA) featuring an electron-deficient tris(1,3,4-
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
tris[7-diphenyl-(9,9-spirobifluorene)-1,3,4-oxadiazoyl]benzene (OXD-DPA) featuring an electron-deficient tris(1,3,4-
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
-spirobifluoren-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl}benzene (OXD-CBZ) and 1,3,5-
tris[7-diphenyl-(9,9-spirobifluorene)-1,3,4-oxadiazoyl]benzene (OXD-DPA) featuring an electron-deficient tris(1,3,4-
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
-spirobifluorene)-1,3,4-oxadiazoyl]benzene (OXD-DPA) featuring an electron-deficient tris(1,3,4-
oxadiazole)phenylene ring as an interior core bridged by rigid spirobifluorene units to terminal electroactive
carbazole (CBZ) and diphenylamino (DPA) groups. The electronic absorption spectra of OXD-CBZ and OXDDPAOXD-CBZ and OXDDPA
depend only slightly on the solvent polarity, revealing that weak electronic coupling existed between the
donor (CBZ and diphenylamino groups) and acceptor (1,3,4-oxadiazole) moieties in the ground state. In contrast,
the emission spectra of these starburst bipolar molecules were strongly dependent on the solvent polarity, a
phenomenon that we attribute to the polarized excited states generated through intramolecular charge transfer.
The starburst monomer OXD-CBZ exhibited a redox gradient, where the peripheral CBZ moieties exhibited
lower oxidation potentials than those of the fluorene units in the interior, allowing us to obtain a new
electropolymerized macromolecule. The polymer films derived from OXD-CBZ exhibited good conductivity,
reversible electrochemical processes, and stable color changes (from transparent to green to light blue) with high
coloration efficiency upon electro-oxidation. The radical cations of OXD-CBZ were localized within the CBZ
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
reversible electrochemical processes, and stable color changes (from transparent to green to light blue) with high
coloration efficiency upon electro-oxidation. The radical cations of OXD-CBZ were localized within the CBZ
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
reversible electrochemical processes, and stable color changes (from transparent to green to light blue) with high
coloration efficiency upon electro-oxidation. The radical cations of OXD-CBZ were localized within the CBZ
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
lower oxidation potentials than those of the fluorene units in the interior, allowing us to obtain a new
electropolymerized macromolecule. The polymer films derived from OXD-CBZ exhibited good conductivity,
reversible electrochemical processes, and stable color changes (from transparent to green to light blue) with high
coloration efficiency upon electro-oxidation. The radical cations of OXD-CBZ were localized within the CBZ
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
reversible electrochemical processes, and stable color changes (from transparent to green to light blue) with high
coloration efficiency upon electro-oxidation. The radical cations of OXD-CBZ were localized within the CBZ
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
reversible electrochemical processes, and stable color changes (from transparent to green to light blue) with high
coloration efficiency upon electro-oxidation. The radical cations of OXD-CBZ were localized within the CBZ
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
lower oxidation potentials than those of the fluorene units in the interior, allowing us to obtain a new
electropolymerized macromolecule. The polymer films derived from OXD-CBZ exhibited good conductivity,
reversible electrochemical processes, and stable color changes (from transparent to green to light blue) with high
coloration efficiency upon electro-oxidation. The radical cations of OXD-CBZ were localized within the CBZ
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
reversible electrochemical processes, and stable color changes (from transparent to green to light blue) with high
coloration efficiency upon electro-oxidation. The radical cations of OXD-CBZ were localized within the CBZ
rings; the lack of substituents at the C3 and C6 positions of the CBZ unit led to the effective electrochemical
cross-linking process. In contrast, electro-oxidation of OXD-DPA, which was end-capped with DPA groups,
produced stable radical cations that did not undergo associated electrochemical reactions. The higher stability of
the OXD-DPA radical cations through resonance stabilization with the fluorene ring impeded the progress of
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.
typical triphenylamine dimerization reactions.