Population pharmacokinetic study of vancomycin in preterm neonates

CACERES GUIDO P; MONICA TRAVAGLIANTI; GRACIELA CASTRO; LICCIARDONE N; OSCAR FERREYRA; VIETRI S; MATO G; NISELMAN AV; SCHAIQUEVICH P

Latin American Journal of Pharmacy

College of Pharmacists of Buenos Aires

Lugar: Ciudad de Buenos Aires; Año: 2014

0326 2383

The aim was to characterize the population pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in preterm neonates and identify related covariates. 140 preterm neonates received a 1-hour infusion of vancomycin at Hospital JP Garrahan between 2008-2012 and were subjected to therapeutic monitoring. Pharmacokinetic data was analyzed by means of nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. A total of 31 demographic and patient characteristics were analyzed as covariates. A one-compartment model with combined residual error was fit to vancomycin concentrations. Large between-subject variability was observed in elimination rate constant (ke, 64%) and volume of distribution (V, 58%). The covariate analysis indicated that the most significance covariates were body weight and serum creatinine, explaining in total 16% and 40% of the between-subject variability for vancomycin ke and V, respectively. We developed a population pharmacokinetic model identifying patient covariates related to vancomycin disposition in preterm neonates. The model may be translated into the clinics to aid individualizing vancomycin dosing