Paleolimnological studies of the eutrophication of the volcanic Lake Albano (Central Italy

LAMI; NIESSEN; GUILIZZONI; MASSAFERRO

JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY

SPRINGER

Lugar: Berlin; Año: 1994 vol. 10 p. 181 - 194

0921-2728

central Italy) over the past three centuries. The presence of annual varves down to the bottom of the core (c. 1700 A.D.) indicated the lack of bioturbation and likely long-term meromixis. Sedimentation rates were estimated by varve counts (calcite/diatom couplets), indicating a mean rate of 0.15 cm yr -1. The reconstruction of eutrophication was traced using past populations of algal and photosynthetic bacteria (through their fossil pigment), and geochemistry, as well as fossil remains of chironomids. Phaeophorbide a and the red carotenoid astaxanthin were used to detect past zooplankton development. The first sign of trophic change related to human activities is dated c. 1870 A.D. From that period onward a sharp increase of authigenic CaCO3, nitrogen, N:P ratio, and dinoxanthin, a characteristic carotenoid of Chrysophyceae and Dinophyceae, is observed. Chironomid analyses showed the near absence of a deep water fauna throughout the core length. The populations of chironomid larvae are restricted to oxygenated littoral zones. In fact, the few fossil remains found are primarily of littoral origin, representing shallow water midges that were transported to profundal waters. The reduction of total chironomid in the uppermost layers of the core is to be related to human land uses.