Removal of enrofloxacin using Eichhornia crassipes in microcosm wetlands

TEGLIA, CARLA M.; HADAD, HERNÁN R.; UBERTI-MANASSERO, NORA; SIANO, ÁLVARO S.; REPETTI, MARÍA R.; GOICOECHEA, HÉCTOR C.; CULZONI, MARÍA J.; MAINE, MARÍA A.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Springer Nature

Año: 2024 vol. 31 p. 14845 - 14857

The global consumption of antibiotics leads to their possible occurrence in the environment. In this context, nature-based solutions (NBS) can be used to sustainably manage and restore natural and modiied ecosystems. In this work, we studied the eiciency of the NBS free-water surface wetlands (FWSWs) using Eichhornia crassipes in microcosm for enroloxacin removal. We also explored the behavior of enroloxacin in the system, its accumulation and distribution in plant tissues, the detoxiication mechanisms, and the possible efects on plant growth. Enroloxacin was initially taken up by E. crassipes (irst 100 h). Notably, it accumulated in the sediment at the end of the experimental time. Removal rates above 94% were obtained in systems with sediment and sediment + E. crassipes. In addition, enroloxacin was found in leaves, petioles, and roots (8.8–23.6 µg, 11–78.3 µg, and 10.2–70.7 µg, respectively). Furthermore, enroloxacin, the main degradation product (ciproloxacin), and other degradation products were quantiied in the tissues and chlorosis was observed on days 5 and 9. Finally, the degradation products of enroloxacin were analyzed, and four possible metabolic pathways of enroloxacin in E. crassipes were described.