Viable SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants isolated from autopsy tissues

MAFFIA-BIZZOZERO, SANTIAGO; CEVALLOS, CINTIA; LENICOV, FEDERICO REMES; FREIBERGER, ROSA NICOLE; LOPEZ, CINTHYA ALICIA MARCELA; GUANO TOAQUIZA, ALEX; SVIERCZ, FRANCO; JARMOLUK, PATRICIO; BUSTOS, CRISTINA; D?ADDARIO, ADRIANA CLAUDIA; QUARLERI, JORGE; DELPINO, M. VICTORIA

Frontiers in Microbiology

Frontiers

Año: 2023 vol. 14

The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has raised significant concerns due to its high transmissibility and potential impact on public health. This study aims to investigate the genetic diversity and pathogenicity of the Omicron sub-variants by isolating and analyzing viral strains from autopsy tissues.Autopsy samples were obtained from individuals who succumbed to COVID-19 infection caused by the Omicron variant. Through viral isolation techniques, viable SARS-CoV-2 sub-variants were successfully cultured and characterized. Genomic sequencing revealed distinct mutations and genetic signatures within the isolated strains, indicating the presence of multiple Omicron sub-lineages.Furthermore, comprehensive pathological examinations were conducted to assess the tissue tropism and disease manifestation associated with these sub-variants. Histopathological analyses revealed unique patterns of organ involvement and tissue damage, suggesting potential differences in virulence and disease outcomes among the sub-variants.Functional assays were performed to evaluate the antigenicity and potential impact on vaccine efficacy. Preliminary results indicate variations in neutralizing antibody responses against different Omicron sub-variants, highlighting the importance of ongoing surveillance and vaccine adaptability to combat emerging viral strains.Overall, our findings provide valuable insights into the genetic diversity, pathogenicity, and antigenic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants isolated from autopsy tissues. This study emphasizes the need for continued monitoring and understanding of viral evolution to inform public health strategies, vaccine development, and therapeutic interventions in the ongoing fight against the COVID-19 pandemic.