Comprehensive evaluation of the toxicity of the fame retardant (decabromodiphenyl ether) in a bioindicator fsh (Gambusia afnis)

PEREZ-IGLESIAS JUAN MANUEL; GONZALEZ PATRICIA; CALDERON MIRIAN; NATALE GUILLERMO; CESAR ALMEIDA

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH

SPRINGER HEIDELBERG

Año: 2022

0944-1344

In recent years, concerns have increased about the adverse effects on health and the environment of polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs), especially BDE-209, the most widely PBDE used globally. These pollutants derive from e-waste andpresent different adverse effects on biota. In this work, a toxicological study on mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) usingBDE-209 (2,2′,3,3′,4,4′,5,′5′,6,6′-decabromodiphenyl ether) was carried out. Acute toxicity bioassays were conducted withdaily renewal of solutions, using different concentrations of environmental relevance, ranged between 10 and 100 μg L−1 ofBDE-209. At 48 and 96 h of exposure, several parameters were evaluated, such as mortality, individual activity (swimming),biochemical activity (catalase; thiobarbituric acid?reactive substances; and acetylcholinesterase), and cytotoxic responses(micronucleus frequencies). In addition, integrated biomarker response and multivariate analyses were conducted to study thecorrelation of biomarkers. The calculated Lethal Concentration-50 remained constant after all exposure times (24 to 96 h),being the corresponding value 27.79 μg L−1 BDE-209. Furthermore, BDE-209 induced effects on the swimming activityof this species in relation to acetylcholine, since BDE-209 increased, producing oxidative damage at the biochemical leveland genotoxicity after 48 h of exposure to 10 and 25 μg L−1 BDE-209. The results indicate that BDE-209 has biochemical,cytotoxic, neurotoxic, and genotoxic potential on G. affinis. In addition, mosquitofish could be used as a good laboratorymodel to evaluate environmental stressors since they could represent a risk factor for Neotropical species.