Diversification patterns of the CES clade (Tribes Cremolobeae, Eudemeae, Schizopetaleae: Brassicaceae) along Andean South America

SALARIATO, D.L.; F.O. ZULOAGA; FRANZKE, A., MUMMENHOFF, K. & I. A. AL-SHEHBAZ

BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY

WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC

Lugar: Londres; Año: 2015

0024-4074

Datedmolecular phylogenies show that the Andean uplift had a major impact on SouthAmerican biodiversity. For many Andean groups, accelerated diversifications(radiations) have been documented. However, not all Andean lineages appear tohave diversified following the model of rapid radiation, particularly in the centraland southern Andes. Here, we investigated the diversification patterns for thelargest South American-endemic lineage of Brassicaceae, composed of tribes Cremolobeae,Eudemeae, and Schizopetaleae (CES clade). Species of this group inhabit nearlyall Andean biomes and adjacent areas such as the Atacama-Sechura desert, theChilean Matorral, and the Patagonian Steppe. First, we studied diversificationtimes and historical biogeography of the CES clade. Second, we analysed diversificationrates through time, lineages, and associated life forms. Results demonstrate thatearly diversification of the CES clade occurred in the Early-Mid Miocene(around 12?19 Mya) and involved the central Andes, the southern Andes together withthe Patagonian Steppe, and the Atacama-Sechura desert. The Chilean Matorral andnorthern Andes were colonised subsequently in Early Pliocene (4?5 Mya).Diversification of the CES clade was recovered as a gradual process without anyevidence for rate shifts or rapid radiation, in contrast to many other Andeangroups analysed so far. Diversification time/rates and biogeographic patterns obtainedfor the CES clade are discussed and compared with patterns and conclusions reportedfor other Andean plant lineage