INVESTIGADORES
MORENO Maria virginia
artículos
Título:
Biological control of Septoria tritici blotch on wheat by Trichoderma spp. under field conditions in Argentina.
Autor/es:
PERELLÓ, A. E.; MORENO M. V.; MONÁCO C. I; SIMÓN, M. R.; CORDO, C.
Revista:
BIOCONTROL (DORDRECHT)
Editorial:
SpringerLink
Referencias:
Año: 2009 vol. 54 p. 113 - 122
ISSN:
1386-6141
Resumen:
DOI: 10.1007/s10526-008-9159-8- Biological control is an additional tool available for the design of more sustainable control strategies of wheat diseases. Trichoderma spp. have previously been used as biocontrol agents to protect wheat plant against  leaf spots diseases in Argentina, but the information from field assays is scarce. The effectiveness of four Trichoderma harzianum strains and one T. koningii strain to control the incidence and severity of leaf blotch of wheat caused by Septoria tritici  (STB) under two formulation conditions: spore suspension and coated-seed technique was studied under field conditions. Significant  differences between wheat cultivars, formulation types and growth stages were found. In 2003, at tillering stage, all the treatments tested (except SST1 for incidence) were effective to reduce the incidence or  the severity of the disease respect to the control. Similarly, in 2004, ten of them reduced the severity at tillering. At heading stage, none of the treatment tested caused a significant decrease of the disease at either formulation at either year. This indicates that the antagonism was effective at an early stage of the disease only.  Comparing both formulations: spraying onto leaves or seed- coated application technique, both were effective in decreasing the disease. Some isolates, as CST4 and CST2, reduced the incidence value of STB to 40 % and the severity value to 70% respectively compared with the control values applied as coated-seed formulation  On the other hand, isolates T4 and T2 showed the greatest effectiveness for controlling the fungi pathogenic, with similar reduction values to that showed by the fungicide application treatment. The results of this study indicates that although the immediate impact of Trichoderma isolates may be seen as reduced incidence and severity on the first stages of STB, the long term effect could result in the same disease levels than found in untreated sites.This study also demonstrated that the incorporation of Trichoderma as a biocontrol preparation may be a promising step towards reducing STB disease in the field and levels of fungicide residues in the context of a more integrated approach to the problem.