INVESTIGADORES
COLLINS Pablo Agustin
capítulos de libros
Título:
11. Freshwater Decapods and Pesticides: An Unavoidable Relation in the Modern World
Autor/es:
NEGRO L.; SENKMAN E.; MONTAGNA M.; COLLINS P.
Libro:
Pesticides in the Modern World - Risks and Benefits
Editorial:
Intech
Referencias:
Lugar: Viena; Año: 2011; p. 197 - 226
Resumen:
In the modern world with the farmland activities, the aquatic communities are affected by different pesticides used in these agro-ecosystems. Herbicides, insecticides, fungicides are the most common elements used, and in some cases with several millions of liter what are used in the systems nearby to aquatic environments. This occurs due to the input of toxic compounds to water bodies by several ways, such as drift, and runoff provoking a risk to the fauna, and thus, creates the need of a constantly updates. The biological communities in rivers with floodplain and their tributaries are abundant, and with very high diversity. An interesting group is the decapods crustaceans by their abundance and with limited activities in their populations that permit have a register the history of each sites. These included prawns, crabs, pseudo-crabs and crayfish of South America. Several works were realized in the world about this theme including some made from the laboratory. Populations of decapods are reduced by lethal effects on the individual, and chronic alterations modify their fitness. The pesticide exposures cause damage in several tissues as hepatopancreas, gills, muscles and gonads, affecting the aquatic fauna. Among physiological functions, growth and reproduction could decrease by alterations in growth, gonad tissues, genetical material, and eggs development. Changes in metabolism, cell composition of the hepatopancreas, neuro-hormones have effect on behavior, growth rate, reproduction efficiency and survival due to the exposition of pesticide. Even more, these variations could affect the trophic web, and alter the transfers of materia and energy into the aquatic systems. The proposed chapter a good interaction with different level of organization, for this argument, we used the decapods crustaceans, and we look for this discussion that it could show the effects of pesticides on the aquatic fauna. We will show the effects of pesticides in the communities associated with decapods and as the populations are affected by these xenobiotics. Moreover, we will prove that the growth is altered, and the reproduction is distorted. These occur due to alterations in cells, macromolecules modifications and injury in organs. The proposed focus gives a snapshot from the macroscopic view of the ecosystem - community together to the molecular view. The different levels of organization with their temporal and spatial scale are necessary to achieve a better idea of the problem facing modern society with pesticides.