Trichothecene genotypes and production profiles of Fusarium graminearum isolates obtained from barley cultivated in Argentina

CASTAÑARES E., RAMIREZ ALBURQUERQUE D., DINOLFO M., FERNANDEZ PINTO V., PATRIARCA A. & STENGLEIN S.A

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV

Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2014 vol. 179 p. 57 - 63

0168-1605

Fusarium graminearum is one of the most important pathogens isolated from small cereal grains with Fusarium Head Blight symptoms. The presence of this fungus is often linked to the occurrence of several mycotoxins on barley and wheat. The aim of our study was to characterize trichothecene genotypes and production profiles of F. graminearum sensu stricto isolates obtained from barley grains in Argentina. A total of 110 F. graminearum s.s. isolates were analyzed by PCR assays to predict deoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and nivalenol (NIV) production, and all isolates belonged to the same molecular 15-ADON genotype. Trichothecene production in autoclaved rice was analyzed by using gas chromatography (GC) and confirmed by GC- MS. The 95% of the isolates were able to produce DON, 71% produced 15-ADON, 63% 3-ADON and 52% NIV. The isolates that produced NIV, produced simultaneously also DON, except for one isolate. However, the NIV production was very low, ranging from 0.13 to 0.30 ìg/g. According to DON and their acetyl-derivatives, six different profiles of production were detected, being predominant the simultaneous production of DON, 3-ADON and 15-ADON, followed by DON production, and DON and 15-ADON co-production. This work is the first attempt to characterize the trichothecene genotypes and production profiles of F. graminearum s.s. isolates from barley grown in Argentina.