INVESTIGADORES
SEIJO Jose guillermo
congresos y reuniones científicas
Título:
Genetic mapping and Resynthesis of Arachis hypogaea for improvement of the groundnut Crop
Autor/es:
BERTIOLI, D.J; A. FÁVERO; C. SIMPSON; J.G. SEIJO; J. STOUGAARD; J.F.M. VALLS; K. PROITE,; L.C.T. LEOI; M. MORETZSOHN,; M. JIMÉNEZ; P.M. GUIMARÃES,; S. LEAL-BERTIOLI
Lugar:
San Diego, California, EEUU
Reunión:
Congreso; Plant and Animal Genomes XIII Conference; 2005
Resumen:
P463 : Legumes, Soybeans, Common Beans Genetic Mapping And “Resynthesis” Of Arachis hypogaea For Improvement Of The Groundnut Crop. David J. Bertioli1 , Alessandra Favero2 , Charles Simpson3 , Guillermo Seijo4 , Jens Stougaard5 , Jose Valls2 , Karina Proite2 , Lelia Leoi1 , Marcio Moretzsohn2 , Marcos Gimenes6 , Patricia Guimaraes2 , Soraya Leal-Bertioli2 1  UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DE BRASÍLIA - UCB Biotecnologia Genomica CAMPUS II SGAN Quadra 916, Módulo B Av. W5 Norte, Brasilia - DF CEP: 70790-160 Brazil 2  EMBRAPA Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia Parque Estacao Biológica-pqEB, Final Av. W5 Norte Brasilia-DF CEP: 70770-900 Brazil 3  Texas A and M University 1229 N. US Hwy 281 Stephenville, TX 76401 United States of America 4  Instituto de Botanica del Nordeste Laboratorio de citogenetica Vegetal Sargento Cabral 2131 Corrientes, 3400 Argentina 5  University of Aarhus Laboratory of Gene Expression Department of Molecular and Structural Biology Gustav Weides Vej 10 8000C Aarhus Denmark 6  UNESP - Capus de Botucatu Instituto de Biociencias Distrito de Rubiao Júnior s/n CEP: 18618-000 Botucatu São Paulo Brazil The genus Arachis contains 69 described species. One of these, groundnut (Arachis hypogaea), is a major crop plant. The origin of A.hypogaea was via hybridization of two diploid wild species followed by spontaneous duplication of chromosomes. The resultant allotetraploid plant would have been reproductively isolated from its wild relatives. Therefore, all land races of peanuts are probably derived from one, or a few plants. This led to low diversity for traits of agricultural interest, and a narrow genetic base of the cultigen, constraining progress in genetic characterization for molecular breeding. In contrast, wild diploid Arachis species are genetically very diverse and have been selected during evolution by a range of abiotic and biotic stresses, providing a rich source of variation in agronomically important traits; but sterility barriers have hampered the use of wild species in breeding. We used fluorescent in-situ hybridization to identify the wild species with genomes most similar to the component genomes of A.hypogaea and have artificially recreated the evolutionary events that gave rise to A.hypogaea, using both the ancestral and related diploid species that have proven disease resistances. The resultant amphidiploids produce fertile hybrids with peanut, thus providing a route for exploiting the genetic diversity of wild species. In parallel we have used a new approach for genetic mapping, creating microsatellite-based diploid maps for the two ancestral genomes of peanut. These amphidiploids and genetic maps provide the first step towards the incorporation of new wild genes into the peanut crop.