INVESTIGADORES
SARASOLA jose Hernan
artículos
Título:
Land-use changes may explain the recent range expansion of the Black-shouldered Kite caeruleus in Southern Europe
Autor/es:
BALBONTIN, J; NEGRO, J.J.; SARASOLA, J.H.; FERRERO, J.J.; RIVERA, D.
Revista:
IBIS
Editorial:
WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
Referencias:
Año: 2008 vol. 150 p. 707 - 716
ISSN:
0019-1019
Resumen:
Occasional observations of Black-shouldered Kites Elanus caeruleus in Europe date back to
the mid-19th century, but it was only recorded as a breeding species in the early 1960s in
Portugal and a few years later in neighbouring Spain. This recent colonization, possibly from
Africa where the species is abundant, may be due to climate change, land-use changes in
southern Europe, or both. As a first step to understanding this range expansion process we
have developed a habitat selection model using data from the current strongholds of its
European distribution. Comparing the proportion of different habitat types around 46
breeding sites and 45 randomly chosen plots, we have found that the area of cultivated
parklands known as dehesas in Spain is a strong predictor of the current distribution range
of breeding pairs of Black-shouldered Kites. Specifically, the percentage of dehesas with
planted cereal and a low density of trees (i.e. < 7 trees/ha and thus a savannah-like habitat)
within the study plots explained 44.6% of the residual deviance in our model. The minimal
adequate model classified 81.3% of breeding sites and random plots correctly. Our results
suggest that Black-shouldered Kites may have taken advantage of the gradual increase of
cultivated dehesas in the second half of the 20th century to expand its range in Europe. This
particular type of dehesa is structurally similar to the African savannahs where the species
thrives and may offer a higher density of rodents than traditional dehesas, which primarily
contain pastureland for livestock ranching.
the mid-19th century, but it was only recorded as a breeding species in the early 1960s in
Portugal and a few years later in neighbouring Spain. This recent colonization, possibly from
Africa where the species is abundant, may be due to climate change, land-use changes in
southern Europe, or both. As a first step to understanding this range expansion process we
have developed a habitat selection model using data from the current strongholds of its
European distribution. Comparing the proportion of different habitat types around 46
breeding sites and 45 randomly chosen plots, we have found that the area of cultivated
parklands known as dehesas in Spain is a strong predictor of the current distribution range
of breeding pairs of Black-shouldered Kites. Specifically, the percentage of dehesas with
planted cereal and a low density of trees (i.e. < 7 trees/ha and thus a savannah-like habitat)
within the study plots explained 44.6% of the residual deviance in our model. The minimal
adequate model classified 81.3% of breeding sites and random plots correctly. Our results
suggest that Black-shouldered Kites may have taken advantage of the gradual increase of
cultivated dehesas in the second half of the 20th century to expand its range in Europe. This
particular type of dehesa is structurally similar to the African savannahs where the species
thrives and may offer a higher density of rodents than traditional dehesas, which primarily
contain pastureland for livestock ranching.
the mid-19th century, but it was only recorded as a breeding species in the early 1960s in
Portugal and a few years later in neighbouring Spain. This recent colonization, possibly from
Africa where the species is abundant, may be due to climate change, land-use changes in
southern Europe, or both. As a first step to understanding this range expansion process we
have developed a habitat selection model using data from the current strongholds of its
European distribution. Comparing the proportion of different habitat types around 46
breeding sites and 45 randomly chosen plots, we have found that the area of cultivated
parklands known as dehesas in Spain is a strong predictor of the current distribution range
of breeding pairs of Black-shouldered Kites. Specifically, the percentage of dehesas with
planted cereal and a low density of trees (i.e. < 7 trees/ha and thus a savannah-like habitat)
within the study plots explained 44.6% of the residual deviance in our model. The minimal
adequate model classified 81.3% of breeding sites and random plots correctly. Our results
suggest that Black-shouldered Kites may have taken advantage of the gradual increase of
cultivated dehesas in the second half of the 20th century to expand its range in Europe. This
particular type of dehesa is structurally similar to the African savannahs where the species
thrives and may offer a higher density of rodents than traditional dehesas, which primarily
contain pastureland for livestock ranching.
the mid-19th century, but it was only recorded as a breeding species in the early 1960s in
Portugal and a few years later in neighbouring Spain. This recent colonization, possibly from
Africa where the species is abundant, may be due to climate change, land-use changes in
southern Europe, or both. As a first step to understanding this range expansion process we
have developed a habitat selection model using data from the current strongholds of its
European distribution. Comparing the proportion of different habitat types around 46
breeding sites and 45 randomly chosen plots, we have found that the area of cultivated
parklands known as dehesas in Spain is a strong predictor of the current distribution range
of breeding pairs of Black-shouldered Kites. Specifically, the percentage of dehesas with
planted cereal and a low density of trees (i.e. < 7 trees/ha and thus a savannah-like habitat)
within the study plots explained 44.6% of the residual deviance in our model. The minimal
adequate model classified 81.3% of breeding sites and random plots correctly. Our results
suggest that Black-shouldered Kites may have taken advantage of the gradual increase of
cultivated dehesas in the second half of the 20th century to expand its range in Europe. This
particular type of dehesa is structurally similar to the African savannahs where the species
thrives and may offer a higher density of rodents than traditional dehesas, which primarily
contain pastureland for livestock ranching.
the mid-19th century, but it was only recorded as a breeding species in the early 1960s in
Portugal and a few years later in neighbouring Spain. This recent colonization, possibly from
Africa where the species is abundant, may be due to climate change, land-use changes in
southern Europe, or both. As a first step to understanding this range expansion process we
have developed a habitat selection model using data from the current strongholds of its
European distribution. Comparing the proportion of different habitat types around 46
breeding sites and 45 randomly chosen plots, we have found that the area of cultivated
parklands known as dehesas in Spain is a strong predictor of the current distribution range
of breeding pairs of Black-shouldered Kites. Specifically, the percentage of dehesas with
planted cereal and a low density of trees (i.e. < 7 trees/ha and thus a savannah-like habitat)
within the study plots explained 44.6% of the residual deviance in our model. The minimal
adequate model classified 81.3% of breeding sites and random plots correctly. Our results
suggest that Black-shouldered Kites may have taken advantage of the gradual increase of
cultivated dehesas in the second half of the 20th century to expand its range in Europe. This
particular type of dehesa is structurally similar to the African savannahs where the species
thrives and may offer a higher density of rodents than traditional dehesas, which primarily
contain pastureland for livestock ranching.
the mid-19th century, but it was only recorded as a breeding species in the early 1960s in
Portugal and a few years later in neighbouring Spain. This recent colonization, possibly from
Africa where the species is abundant, may be due to climate change, land-use changes in
southern Europe, or both. As a first step to understanding this range expansion process we
have developed a habitat selection model using data from the current strongholds of its
European distribution. Comparing the proportion of different habitat types around 46
breeding sites and 45 randomly chosen plots, we have found that the area of cultivated
parklands known as dehesas in Spain is a strong predictor of the current distribution range
of breeding pairs of Black-shouldered Kites. Specifically, the percentage of dehesas with
planted cereal and a low density of trees (i.e. < 7 trees/ha and thus a savannah-like habitat)
within the study plots explained 44.6% of the residual deviance in our model. The minimal
adequate model classified 81.3% of breeding sites and random plots correctly. Our results
suggest that Black-shouldered Kites may have taken advantage of the gradual increase of
cultivated dehesas in the second half of the 20th century to expand its range in Europe. This
particular type of dehesa is structurally similar to the African savannahs where the species
thrives and may offer a higher density of rodents than traditional dehesas, which primarily
contain pastureland for livestock ranching.
the mid-19th century, but it was only recorded as a breeding species in the early 1960s in
Portugal and a few years later in neighbouring Spain. This recent colonization, possibly from
Africa where the species is abundant, may be due to climate change, land-use changes in
southern Europe, or both. As a first step to understanding this range expansion process we
have developed a habitat selection model using data from the current strongholds of its
European distribution. Comparing the proportion of different habitat types around 46
breeding sites and 45 randomly chosen plots, we have found that the area of cultivated
parklands known as dehesas in Spain is a strong predictor of the current distribution range
of breeding pairs of Black-shouldered Kites. Specifically, the percentage of dehesas with
planted cereal and a low density of trees (i.e. < 7 trees/ha and thus a savannah-like habitat)
within the study plots explained 44.6% of the residual deviance in our model. The minimal
adequate model classified 81.3% of breeding sites and random plots correctly. Our results
suggest that Black-shouldered Kites may have taken advantage of the gradual increase of
cultivated dehesas in the second half of the 20th century to expand its range in Europe. This
particular type of dehesa is structurally similar to the African savannahs where the species
thrives and may offer a higher density of rodents than traditional dehesas, which primarily
contain pastureland for livestock ranching.
Elanus caeruleus in Europe date back to
the mid-19th century, but it was only recorded as a breeding species in the early 1960s in
Portugal and a few years later in neighbouring Spain. This recent colonization, possibly from
Africa where the species is abundant, may be due to climate change, land-use changes in
southern Europe, or both. As a first step to understanding this range expansion process we
have developed a habitat selection model using data from the current strongholds of its
European distribution. Comparing the proportion of different habitat types around 46
breeding sites and 45 randomly chosen plots, we have found that the area of cultivated
parklands known as dehesas in Spain is a strong predictor of the current distribution range
of breeding pairs of Black-shouldered Kites. Specifically, the percentage of dehesas with
planted cereal and a low density of trees (i.e. < 7 trees/ha and thus a savannah-like habitat)
within the study plots explained 44.6% of the residual deviance in our model. The minimal
adequate model classified 81.3% of breeding sites and random plots correctly. Our results
suggest that Black-shouldered Kites may have taken advantage of the gradual increase of
cultivated dehesas in the second half of the 20th century to expand its range in Europe. This
particular type of dehesa is structurally similar to the African savannahs where the species
thrives and may offer a higher density of rodents than traditional dehesas, which primarily
contain pastureland for livestock ranching.