INVESTIGADORES
ORDANO Mariano Andres
artículos
Título:
Understanding Long-Term Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Population Dynamics: Implications for Area-Wide Management
Autor/es:
MARTÍN ALUJA; MARIANO ORDANO; LARISSA GUILLÉN; JUAN RULL
Revista:
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
Editorial:
ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
Referencias:
Lugar: Lanham; Año: 2012 vol. 105 p. 823 - 836
ISSN:
0022-0493
Resumen:
Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are devastating agricultural pests worldwide but studies on their long term population dynamics are sparse. Our aim was to determine the mechanisms driving long-term population dynamics as a prerequisite for ecologically-based area-wide pest management. The population density of three pestiferous Anastrepha species (A. ludens, A. obliqua, and A. serpentina) was determined in grapefruit, mango, and sapodilla orchards in central Veracruz, Mexico, on a weekly basis over an 11-year period. Fly populations exhibited relatively stable dynamics over time. Population dynamics were mainly driven by a direct density-dependent effect and a seasonal feedback process. We discovered direct and delayed influences that were correlated with both local (rainfall, air temperature) and global climatic variation (El Niño Southern Oscillation -ENSO- and North Atlantic Oscillation -NAO), and detected differences among species and location of orchards with respect to the magnitude and nature (linear or non-linear) of the observed effects, suggesting that highly mobile pest outbreaks become uncertain in response to significant climatic events at both global and/or local level. The fact that both NAO and ENSO affected Anastrepha population dynamics, coupled with the high mobility of Anastrepha adults, and the discovery that when measured as rate of population change, local population fluctuations exhibited stable dynamics over time, clearly suggests that potential management scenarios for the species studied lie beyond the local scale and should be approached from an area-wide perspective. Localized efforts, from individual growers will likely prove ineffective, and non-sustainable.