Purification of alginate improves its biocompatibility and eliminates cytotoxicity in matrix for bone tissue engineering

DELLATORRE, F.G.; TORRES, M.L.; CORTIZO, A.M.; TORRES, M.L.; CORTIZO, A.M.; FERNANDEZ, J.M.; OBERTI, T.G.; FERNANDEZ, J.M.; OBERTI, T.G.; DELLATORRE, F.G.

Algal Research

Elsevier

Año: 2019 vol. 40

2211-9264

There is a growing interestabout using natural polymers from renewable sources as biomaterials forapplications in tissue engineering. In the present work, alginates were extracted from Undaria pinnatifida, a brown sea weed invasive inArgentinian coast. The isolated alginate was structurally characterized by IRand 1H NMR spectroscopies, intrinsic viscosity and TGA. For comparison purposes,commercial sodium alginate was purified and characterized using the sameprotocol as for raw material. Toxicity and biocompatibility of sodium alginate obtained fromalgae were studied using a murine macrophage-like cell line (RAW 264.7) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC), respectively. The presenceof impurities inhibited both RAW 264.7 and bone marrow stromal cellproliferation and increased nitric oxide production from macrophages, whileinhibited osteoblastic differentiation of BMSC. All these effects were revertedby the purification of alginate. In conclusion,alginate purification improves biocompatibility and osteo-induction while decreases its toxicity.