Bacterial Cyclic b-(1,2)-Glucan Acts in Systemic Suppression Bacterial Cyclic b-(1,2)-Glucan Acts in Systemic Suppression

LUCIANO ARIEL RIGANO, CAROLINE PAYETTE, GENEVIEVE BROUILLARD,MARIA ROSA MARANO, LAURA ABRAMOWICZ,PABLO SEBASTIA´N TORRES,A MAXIMINA YUN,A ATILIO PCASTAGNARO, MEL OIRDI, V DUFOURF MALAMUD,J MDOW,KAMAL BOUARAB, AND A A VOJNOV

The plant cell

Año: 2007 vol. 19 p. 2077 - 2089

Although cyclic glucans have been shown to be important for a number of symbiotic and pathogenic bacterium–plant interactions, their precise roles are unclear. Here, we examined the role of cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan in the virulence of the black rot pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris (Xcc). Disruption of the Xcc nodule development B (ndvB) gene, which encodes a glycosyltransferase required for cyclic glucan synthesis, generated a mutant that failed to synthesize extracellular cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan and was compromised in virulence in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB encodes a glycosyltransferase required for cyclic glucan synthesis, generated a mutant that failed to synthesize extracellular cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan and was compromised in virulence in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB encodes a glycosyltransferase required for cyclic glucan synthesis, generated a mutant that failed to synthesize extracellular cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan and was compromised in virulence in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB encodes a glycosyltransferase required for cyclic glucan synthesis, generated a mutant that failed to synthesize extracellular cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan and was compromised in virulence in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris (Xcc). Disruption of the Xcc nodule development B (ndvB) gene, which encodes a glycosyltransferase required for cyclic glucan synthesis, generated a mutant that failed to synthesize extracellular cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan and was compromised in virulence in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB encodes a glycosyltransferase required for cyclic glucan synthesis, generated a mutant that failed to synthesize extracellular cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan and was compromised in virulence in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB encodes a glycosyltransferase required for cyclic glucan synthesis, generated a mutant that failed to synthesize extracellular cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan and was compromised in virulence in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB encodes a glycosyltransferase required for cyclic glucan synthesis, generated a mutant that failed to synthesize extracellular cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan and was compromised in virulence in the model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana benthamiana. Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB of the PATHOGENESIS-RELATED1 (PR-1) gene. Application of purified cyclic b-(1,2)-glucan prior to inoculation of the ndvB Infection of the mutant bacterium in N. benthamiana was associated with enhanced callose deposition and earlier expression of the