INVESTIGADORES
BORTOLUS alejandro
artículos
Título:
Past and future of the marine bioinvasions along the Southwestern Atlantic
Autor/es:
SCHWINDT, EVANGELINA; CARLTON, JAMES T. ; ORENSANZ JM ; SCARABINO, FABRIZIO ; BORTOLUS ALEJANDRO
Revista:
Aquatic Invasions
Editorial:
INVASIVESNET
Referencias:
Año: 2020 vol. 15 p. 11 - 29
Resumen:
The first comprehensive survey of marine bioinvasions in the southern SouthwestAtlantic Ocean (SWA, ca. 33°45′?ca. 54°50′S) published in 2002 reported 31introduced and 46 cryptogenic species. In this assessment, we update this work byproviding a deep historical perspective of marine biological invasions as well as afull new review of introductions that have occurred over the past nearly two decades.We reviewed a variety of sources including peer-reviewed journals and monographs,government reports, and museum databases, among others. The previous surveywas re-evaluated and taxonomic experts were also consulted. For each species, thepossible status as introduced or cryptogenic, likely vector, likely native region, firstcollection date if known, and the first authoritative reference of its SWA occurrencewere determined. Species were categorized by biogeographical provinces. Our reevaluation of species status lowered the 2002 survey to 29 introduced and 29cryptogenic species. The result of our analyses added 100 new introduced and 43new cryptogenic species, making a total of 129 introduced and 72 cryptogenicmarine species for the SWA. Of these 100 species, 67 were found in the literatureolder than the 2002 survey, and 33 were found as new invasions that occurred since2002, averaging one new invasion every 178 days. Ships are the most likely vectorof invasions with an additional few species introduced with aquaculture, forornamental purposes or for stabilizing coastal dunes. Most species are native toeither the North Pacific or North Atlantic Oceans. Most introduced species (51%)occur in the warm temperate SWA marine ecoregion, while fewer (16%) occur inthe cold temperate Magellanic marine ecoregion. Since ships are the main vectorsin the region, we forecast that new introductions will continue until regional andinternational regulations to control ballast water and hull fouling begin to beeffective. Our results urge the creation of long-term assessment programs focusedon marine coastal biodiversity as a way to avoid inefficient environmentalmanagement based on deficient baseline information.