Vicariance events shaping Southern South American insect distributions.

FLORES GUSTAVO; AGRAIN FEDERICO; AGRAIN FEDERICO; CECILIA DOMINGUEZ; SERGIO ROIG; CECILIA DOMINGUEZ; SERGIO ROIG; FLORES GUSTAVO

ZOOLOGICA SCRIPTA

WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC

Lugar: Londres; Año: 2016 vol. 45 p. 504 - 511

0300-3256

Domınguez, M.C., Agrain, F.A., Flores, G.E. & Roig-Ju~nent, S.A. (2016). Vicariance eventsshaping Southern South American insect distributions. ?Zoologica Scripta, 45, 504?511.The main goal of this study is to use multiple insect phylogenies along with geographicalinformation to test known vicariance hypotheses for Southern South America. We analysedthe phylogenies and geographical distributions of seven insect genera endemic to southernSouth America using Hovenkamp?s (1997) protocol, which have been in part implementedin software (vicariance inference program). Using this software, we were able to hypothesize55 traceable vicariance events; among these, we recognized four supported vicariance events(i.e. confirmed by more than a single sister group). The first supported vicariance event consistedof an East/West separation of the faunas in all analysed trees; the second supportedvicariance event is a North/South separation of the fauna located East of the Andes; thethird supported vicariance event was found in the southernmost fauna located East of theAndes, which separates allopatric Patagonian species in a North/South direction; and finally,the fourth supported vicariance event separates in a North/South direction clades of theCentral Chilean fauna located West of the Andes. Our results suggest that these four supportedvicariance events could be correlated with the uplifting of the Andes and the marineingressions that occurred during the Cenozoic that is the estimated age at which theseevents occurred. Finally, we discuss that current software implementation of Hovenkamp?sideas need to be expanded, particularly regarding the automated selection of traceablevicariance events.