Sympatric guanacos and livestock share water resources in drylands of Argentina

PABLO ACEBES; JUAN MALO; RAMIRO OVEJERO; JUAN TRABA

MAMMALIA

WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO

Lugar: Berlin; Año: 2016

0025-1461

There is growing concern about the effect of live- stock on wild ungulate populations, particularly in arid eco- systems, where waterholes are an extremely scarce resource, around which animals tend to gather, primarily in the dry season. This situation is worrying in South American deserts, where guanaco is the native species that often shares trophic and water resources with livestock from local communities, even inside protected areas. We assess through general linear modeling (GLM) the use of waterholes by guanaco and two introduced species, free-ranging cattle and feral donkeys, during the summer-wet and winter-dry seasons, in an arid, water-limited region in northwestern Argentina. Waterholes were more intensively used in the dry than the wet season by all three herbivores. However, introduced ungulates did not use all of the waterholes, whereas guanaco used them all with equal intensity, which points to an apparent absence of interference probably due to the low density of the intro- duced species. Nevertheless these results could mask nega- tive effects regarding the risk of parasite transmission, the under-use of one of the waterholes, and the risk related to increasing livestock density in a near future. Therefore, it would be advisable to make long-term monitoring to prevent potentially negative effects on guanacos.