Traditional dietary patterns increase the risk of breast and prostate cancer in smokers with overweight in Argentina

TUMAS, NATALIA; POU, SONIA ALEJANDRA; MUÑOZ, SONIA E.; NICLIS, CAMILA; BECARIA COQUET, JULIA; DÍAZ, MARÍA DEL PILAR; ROMÁN, MARÍA DOLORES; ABALLAY, LAURA R.; REARTES, GABRIELA

Buenos Aires

Congreso; IUNS 21st International Congress of Nutrition; 2017

International Union of Nutritional Sciences

Background and objectives: Traditional dietary patternscharacterized by fatty red meat, processed meat, starchy vegetables,sugars and sweets, candies, fats and vegetable oils in male and by fattymeat, barkery products and vegetable oils in female population,were identified in Córdoba (Argentina). A high adherence to thesedietary patterns has been associated with an increased risk of prostatecancer (PC) and breast cancer (BC), in men and women respectively.The aim of this study was to analyze whether the associationbetween adherence to Traditional Pattern and the risk of PC and BCdiffers according to smoking habit and weight status.Methods: Two case-control studies were conducted in Córdobain 2008-2014 including 147/300 cases/controls of PC and318/526 of BC. Adherence of each subject to Traditional Patternidentified through a principal component factor analysis was estimated.Two level logistic regression models were fitted usinginteraction terms of smoking habit (smoker-no smoker), weightstatus (normal weight-overweight) and tertiles of adherence toTraditional Pattern as covariates at level 1, and family history ofthe disease as clustering variable at level 2.Results: An increased risk of BC was stronger in smokers withoverweight who simultaneously have a high adherence to TraditionalPattern (OR: 2.54; 95%CI: 1.16-5.56). Interaction of highadherence to Traditional Pattern and overweight was significantand associated with an increased risk of PC (OR 2.73; 95%CI:0.97-7.67). There were no interactions among smoking habit andweight status on PC risk. When stratifying by smoking habit, agreater risk of PC in smokers with overweight and high adherenceto Traditional Pattern (OR: 3.52; 95%CI: 0.97?12.76) was found.Conclusions: A particular emphasis would be made on smokingand other lifestyle conditions, when promoting healthy eating habits.