Tobacco smoking patterns and differential food effects on prostate and breast cancers among smokers and nonsmokers in Córdoba, Argentina.

ROMAN MARÍA DOLORES; NICLIS CAMILA; TUMAS NATALIA; DÍAZ MARÍA DEL PILAR; OSELLA ALBERTO; MUÑOZ SONIA

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION

LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS

Lugar: Philadelphia; Año: 2014 vol. 23 p. 310 - 318

0959-8278

Objective: To estimate the effect of diet on prostate and breast cancer risk in smokers and nonsmokers and to explore the effect modification between smoking and dietary patterns. Methods: Prostate or breast cancer ed incidence rates were spatially assessed according tobacco exposure, age-adjusted standardizusing lung cancer mortality as proxy. Two case-control studies were conducted in Argentina (2008-2012). Subjects were interviewed about diet, smoking habits and other lifestyle factors. Multilevel models were fitted including family history of cancer as the random intercept for the second level, and diet and lifestyle variables as covariates. Results: Tobacco exposure was spatially aggregated. Family history of cancer significantly accounts for prostate and breast cancer. In smokers, high intake of fat meat increased prostate and breast cancer risk (OR: 1.56; 95%CI: 0.81-3.05 and OR: 6.01; 95%CI: 1.99-8.19). Prostate and breast cancer risk were also greater in smokers with high intakes of fatty foods (OR: 1.95; 95%CI: 1.09-3.50 and OR: 24.2; 95%CI: 0.82-7.21). Moderate intake of nonstarchy vegetables and prostate cancer risk were inversely associated in nonsmokers (OR: 0.55; 95%CI: 0.20-1.48). In smoker women, breast cancer risk was associated with sweet drink consumption (OR: 2.96 95%CI: 1.10-7.92) and ethanol intake (OR: 5.15; 95%CI: 1.88-14.16). Conclusions: Spatial distributions of cancer incidence rates match those of tobacco exposure. Differential effects of diet on prostate and breast cancer risks were found in smokers and nonsmokers.