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The Conference celebrated the tenth anniversary of Maldacena´s conjecture, which is of paramount importance to the understanding of the relation between Quantum Field Theory, Supergravity and String Theory. Theoreticians who played a seminal role in the development of these ideas lectured at the conference. Twenty five speakers encompassing different directions and applications of the gauge/gravity duality discussed its achievements and future prospects. The aim of this volume is to make accessible to a larger audience the topics covered during the conference. The main applications of the conjecture concern high energy physics; however, aspects of cosmology and condensed matter physics are also relevant and included. Forewords by Gerard ´t Hooft, Alexander Polyakov and Edward Witten further enrich the contents of this volume. Written for: Active researchers specialized in the gauge theory/string theory duality and its applications. Theoretical high energy physicists. Postdoctoral researchers, graduate students and other theoretical physicists and also mathematicians willing to have a comprehensive up to date reading on the AdS/CFT correspondence, its current applications and future prospects, as described by some of the leaders in the field. Besides, being a singular commemorative conference on the AdS/CFT correspondence, celebrated in the natal city of its discoverer, it certainly has an intrinsic historical value so as to make it worth to have in any physics departmental and science library. Keywords: AdS/CFT Correspondence Flux Compactifications Gauge Theory/String Theory Duality Gauge/Gravity Duality Holographic QCD Integrability in String Theory Metastable Supersymmetry Breaking Scattering Amplitudes at Strong Coupling String Cosmology Strongly Coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma Wilson Loops