INVESTIGADORES
SANSBERRO pedro Alfonso
artículos
Título:
Stimulation of lateral branch development on Ilex paraguariensis (Aquifoliaceae) seedlings.
Autor/es:
SANSBERRO, P.; MROGINSKI, L.; BOTTINI, R.
Revista:
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE
Editorial:
CSIRO Publishing
Referencias:
Lugar: Australia; Año: 2006 vol. 46 p. 707 - 710
ISSN:
0816-1089
Resumen:
Intensive yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) orchard management is needed to improve productivity. Full size trees with strong apical dominance are being replaced by smaller, more efficient trees, planted at higher densities for mechanical harvest. The production potential of a high density field is maximized when cultural methods that control tree size and induce significant number of well distributed branches are used. The application of chemical pruning agents to shape the architecture of the seedling may be a viable alternative to induce lateral shoot development in replacement of the hand pruning technique. Nursery grown yerba mate seedlings were treated with a single foliar spray of aqueous solutions containing either, benzyladenine (BA), 2,3:4,6-di-o-isopropylidene-2-keto-L-gulonic acid sodium salt (dikegulac) or 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), at the beginning of the second flash of growth (summer). A hand pruned treatment was also included. BA-treated plants produced more new shoots than untreated controls or plants that received other treatments. BA 8.8 mmol/L increased the number of branches up to 8 branches per single stem. Control plants sprayed with distilled water did not branch while hand pruned plants rarely showed more than 1 branch. Dikegulac was less effective than BA to promote lateral branch development and its phytotoxicity was concentration dependent. TIBA did not stimulate budbreak; in addition, primary shoot development was delayed and leaf indentations were apparent. The results suggest that BA can be used to obtain high quality multiple branched yerba mate plants.