Toward the development of a cross‐compatibility framework to enhance the utilization of peanut CWRs

GARCÍA, A. V.; CHALUP, L.; SEIJO, J. G.

CROP SCIENCE

CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER

Año: 2024

0011-183X

Utilizing valuable genes and alleles from crop wild relatives (CWRs) and transferringthem to elite varieties requires a thorough understanding of species crosscompatibility and reproductive systems. In this review, we examine interspecificcrossing among peanut CWRs, chromosome pairing during meiosis, and pollen viabilityof Filial 1 hybrids. We analyze each parameter in relation to phylogeneticdistances and current taxonomic and genomic classification, aiming to develop across-compatibility scheme for the crop’s secondary gene pool. Analysis of passportinformation and species names from research groups worldwide over the past60 years revealed diverse frequencies of genome combinations (17) and species (26)used in hybridization assays. However, only eight species accounted for nearly 50% ofsuccessful hybridizations. In intragenomic hybrids, bivalent frequency ranged from9.1 to 10, with pollen viability typically between 30% and 60%. Intergenomic hybridsexhibited bivalent frequency between 4.8 and 8.5, with pollen viability below 10%.Outliers were observed in the various parameters and hybrids were analyzed. Phylogeneticdistance presented an inverse relationship with all variables; the correlationwas low with crossing success while moderate with bivalent frequency and pollenviability. These findings suggest that differences in DNA sequences are not the soledeterminants of interspecific cross-compatibility, indicating the presence of pre- orpostzygotic hybridization barriers. This organized information is crucial for establishinga framework to facilitate the rational selection of parents with desired traitsand appropriate genome combinations, ultimately aiding in the development of newamphidiploids compatible with peanut varieties.