Effects of bioaccessible garlic compounds on cultured vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats

TORRES-PALAZZOLO CAROLINA; REDONDO ANALIA; QUESADA ISABEL; CAMARGO ALEJANDRA; CASTRO CLAUDIA

Congreso; Reunión Conjunta de Sociedades de Biociencias; 2017

Abstract: Several studies have associated a moderate consumptionof garlic with improvements in health. The evidence suggeststhat its medicinal activities are mainly due to the organosulfur compounds(OSCs) content. Nevertheless, OSCs can have differentactivities/potency on different cell lines or tissues. Moreover, aftergarlic consumption, only the bioavailable compounds will have bioefficacy.In this regard, previous works have identified only a fewOSCs in blood. In this work it is desired to evaluate the proliferationand migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), phenomenathat contribute to the remodeling of small arteries and complicate hypertension.Three bioaccessible OSCs, allyl mercaptan (AM), S-allylcysteine (SAC) and 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiin (2VD), were selected toevaluate their effects on SMCs isolated from mesenteric arteries ofspontaneously hypertensive rats. Cell proliferation by MTT assay,cell migration by scrape-wound migration assay and intracellular oxidativestress by fluorometric CM-H2DCFDA assay were evaluatedafter cell exposure to OSCs expected quantities in plasma, 10 μg/Lof AM and 2VD and 50 μg/L of SAC. The MTT results showed that2VD significantly decreased the rate of proliferation 20% comparedto the control. Migration assay showed that 2VD and AM reducedsignificantly cell migration, around 30%. Concerning to the intracellularROS levels, the compounds showed different behaviors; whileAM and SAC behaved as intracellular antioxidants, 2VD showeda slight tendency to increase the oxidative stress. In conclusion,expected quantities of 2VD and AM in plasma, provided by garlicintake, were able to inhibit the migration of SMCs of spontaneouslyhypertensive rats. These compounds could help to protect thecardiovascular system from vascular remodeling produced by hypertension.Further studies will be needed to elucidate their actionmechanisms and the role of its different antioxidant effects.