Evaluation of the genotoxic potential of cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and their subsequent mixture, on cultured bovine lymphocytes

FERRÉ, D.M.; LUDUEÑA, H.R.; ROMANO, R.R.; GORLA, N.B.M.

CHEMOSPHERE

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD

Año: 2020 vol. 243

0045-6535

Cypermethrin (CYP) and chlorpyrifos (CPF) are activeingredients used in the production of fruits, vegetables and beef cattle.These substances or their metabolites are frequently reported as residuesin food, whose consumption in a diet implies a genotoxic risk. Thepotential for chronic toxicity of CYP and CPF is unclear, and only a fewgenotoxicological evaluations based on their mixture have been performed.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genotoxic potential ofCYP, CPF and CYP + CPF in five concentrations, from 5.9 to 175 μg/ mL inbovine lymphocytes. By means of the cytokinesis- block micronucleuscytome assay, a decrease in the cell proliferation index was observed (r=-0.89 p= 0.04); and also an increase in the frequencies of binucleatedcells (BN) with micronuclei (BNMn) (r= 0.93 p= 0.02) and BN with nuclearbuds (BNBud) (r= 0.778 p= 0.04), depending on the concentrations of CPF.An increase in BNMn frequencies was observed as a function of CYPconcentrations (r= 0.89, p= 0.04) and also of the CYP + CPF mix (r= 0.99,p= 0.008). Cells with simultaneous presentation of micronuclei andnuclear buds were detected, as well as cells with irregular nuclei,something never previously reported in humans, whose origin andsignificance should be investigated. We recognized the value of the useof bovine primary cultures, contiguous to man in the food chain, forgenotoxicity studies. The genotoxic effect of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrinand their mixture on bovine lymphocytes was observed.