INVESTIGADORES
JELIN elizabeth
capítulos de libros
Título:
Victims, Relatives, and Citizens in Argentina: Whose Voice Is Legitimate Enough?
Autor/es:
JELIN, ELIZABETH
Libro:
Humanitarianism and Suffering: The Mobilization of Empathy
Editorial:
Cambridge University Press
Referencias:
Lugar: Cambrdige; Año: 2009; p. 177 - 201
Resumen:
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Argentina is
a case where the variety of innovations and initiatives regarding ways to deal
with the past of political violence and State terrorism has been extremely wide
and path-setting for the international community. In spite of the diversity of institutionally
sanctioned responses, personal experience of victimhood and survival, as well
as kinship-based relationships to victims, have become the criteria for
legitimation of voice regarding both State sponsored and socially promoted political,
cultural and social activities?perhaps in detriment of other more universal and
citizenship-based criteria. Furthermore, this preeminence may work against the
need, in periods of political transition, of building a wide political
community of citizens.
To develop these
ideas, I will take up first the place of ?familism? in the politics of memory
in Argentina
during the last thirty years, since the military coup of 1976. Yet the historical
path followed in the country is not a linear one; in fact there have been many
junctures in which significant shifts of direction took place. In fact, it was during
the dictatorship (1976-1983) that the ?familistic? interpretive framework was
developed. Afterwards, in the initial stage of post-dictatorship, institutional
settings took the leading place. The trials of the military (in 1985) actually
meant the transformation of the voice of victims into that of citizens with
rights. Afterwards, the familial and genetic bond regained center stage, as
expressed in the important struggle that the organization of Grandmothers (Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo) developed to
restore stolen identities of kidnapped children. Thirty years after the
military coup, the testimonial voice of political militancy and survival still operates
in the political arena, implying further legitimacy of the voice of victims. The
successive instances presented will allow then to unfold the dilemmas that
Argentine society faces in the attempt to broaden and deepen equality and
citizenship.
