Evaluation of the genetic diversity of the olive collection (INTA SAN JUAN, Argentina) by morphological and microsatellite markers

CONTRERAS, CIBELES; GENTILI, LUCIANA; MARIOTTI, ROBERTO; CULTRERA, N; BALDONI, LUCIANA; MOUSAVI, SORAYA; PIERANTOZZI, PIERLUIGI; DAMIÁN MAESTRI; MARIELA TORRES

Otro; XXXV Reunión Científica Anual, Sociedad de Biologia de Cuyo; 2017

The principal problem ofcollections is the correct identification of existing material, as well as thatof new entries. The correct identification is crucial to achieve the goals ofgenetic improvement programs by crossbreeding as well as to identify varietiesin nursery plants. The present work was carried out at INTA-EEA-SanJuan-Argentina, which has a germplasm bank with 38 olive cultivars. Themorphological and molecular characterization of 12 olive cultivars, destinedmainly for oil production, was carried out. For this purpose, 6 morphologicaldescriptors and 6 microsatellite markers were used. Total DNA was extractedfrom young leaves using the GeneElute Plant Genomic DNA Miniprep Kit (SIGMA).Subsequently, amplification was performed by PCR using those microsatellites.The morphological and molecular data obtained were compared with the "OLEAdatabases" database and that the CNR-IBBR Institute (Perugia, Italy),respectively.The results (morphologicaland molecular) indicated a correct identification of the cultivars 'Arbequina','Blanqueta', 'Empeltre', 'Leccino' and 'Maurino'. On the other hand, it wasverified that some cultivars were not well identified, thus determining thefollowing correspondences: 'Grappollo' with 'Leccio del Corno'; 'Manzanilla'with 'Racioppa lucana'; 'Dritta' with 'Frantoio'; and 'Carboncella' with'Canino'. Finally three cultivars, according to the molecular data, do notcorrespond to the genotypes of the reference database, while the morphologicalanalysis agrees with the reference data for these cultivars. It is expectedthat the knowledge and final evaluation of such genetic diversity will allow anoptimal management of the collection and implementation of future breedingprograms in the crop.