INVESTIGADORES
TORRES Myriam Mariela
congresos y reuniones científicas
Título:
Effects of Different Water Deprivation Levels on Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi Associated to Olives Trees
Autor/es:
PIERLUIGI PIERANTOZZI; ALEJANDRA BECERRA; MARIELA TORRES; D. M. MAESTRI; EDUARDO TRENTACOSTE; CARLOS PUERTA; EDUARDO NOUHRA
Lugar:
San Juan
Reunión:
Simposio; VII International Symposium on Olive Growing; 2012
Institución organizadora:
INTA,CRILAR-CONICET,UNSJ, UNCuyo, UCCuyo, UNDec, CREA, Gobierno de San Juan
Resumen:
Olive trees have a great adaptability to adverse soil conditions and are typically grown on marginal soils with low fertility. Water deficit and osmotic imbalance are the most common stress affecting crops in arid and semi-arid regions. Tolerance to osmotic stress in plants is a complex phenomenon and involves many changes at the biochemical and physiological levels. However, the mechanisms behind the modulation of tissue water conductivity and osmotic adjustment appear to be affected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of water availability on arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization (AMC) of olive trees (cv. Arbequina), grown in two different agro-climatic environments. The experimental design included two water deficit treatments, one at 50% of the estimated crop evapotranspiration in Mendoza province and another under natural rainfall in Cordoba province, and a treatment irrigated at 100% of the estimated crop evapotranspiration in both provinces. The root-associated soil samples from each individual plant (n=10) were randomly collected between 10 to 20 cm depth. Each sample consisted of five bulked sub-samples (200 cm3 soil cores). From each soil sample, olive roots were extracted stained and their AMF structures quantified. Total AMF spore number was also quantified. The AMC rate was higher in treatments with less water availability; the average increments were found to be 42% and 75% for Mendoza and Cordoba, respectively (p ≤ 0.01). The same pattern was found in the AMF spores number; the average increments for Mendoza and Córdoba were 42% and 121%, respectively (p ≤ 0.01). These results indicate that treatments with less irrigation seem to stimulate AM colonization and spore production. Further studies are desirable in order to elucidate if AMF allow to olive tree roots to access to soil water reservoir.