The Ability of Respiratory Commensal Bacteria to Beneficially Modulate the Lung Innate Immune Response Is a Strain Dependent Characteristic

ORTIZ MOYANO, RAMIRO; RAYA TONETTI, FERNANDA; TOMOKIYO, MIKADO; KANMANI, PAULRAJ; VIZOSO-PINTO, MARÍA GUADALUPE; KIM, HOJUN; QUILODRÁN-VEGA, SANDRA; MELNIKOV, VYACHESLAV; ALVAREZ, SUSANA; TAKAHASHI, HIDEKI; KURATA, SHOICHIRO; KITAZAWA, HARUKI; VILLENA, JULIO

Microorganisms

MDPI

Lugar: Basel; Año: 2020 vol. 8

We investigated whether the ability of commensal respiratory bacteria to modulate the innateimmune response against bacterial and viral pathogens was a shared or strain-specific characteristic.Bacterial strains belonging to the Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum and Dolosigranulum pigrumspecies were compared by studying their influence in the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2- and TLR3-triggeredimmune responses in the respiratory tract, as well as in the resistance to Respiratory Syncytial Virus(RSV) and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections. We demonstrated that nasally administered C.pseudodiphteriticum 090104 or D. pigrum 040417 were able to modulate respiratory immunity andincrease the resistance against pathogens, while other strains of the same species did not influencethe respiratory immune responses, demonstrating a clear strain-dependent immunomodulatoryeect of respiratory commensal bacteria. We also reported here that bacterium-like particles (BLP)and cell walls derived from immunomodulatory respiratory commensal bacteria are an interestingalternative for the modulation of the respiratory immune system. Our study is a step forward in thepositioning of certain strains of respiratory commensal bacteria as next-generation probiotics for therespiratory tract.