Transcriptomic analysis of the innate antiviral immune response in Porcine intestinal epithelial cells: influence of immunobiotic lactobacilli

ALBARRACÍN LEONARDO; KOBAYASHI H.; HIKARU IIDA H.; SATO N.; NOCHI T.; ASO H.; SALVA SUSANA; ALVAREZ SUSANA; KITAZAWA HARUKI; VILLENA JULIO

Frontiers in Immunology

Frontiers Editorial Office

Año: 2017 vol. 8 p. 1 - 15

Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 and Lactobacillus plantarum CRL1506 are immunobioticstrains able to increase protection against viral intestinal infections as demonstratedin animal models and humans. To gain insight into the host?immunobiotic interaction,the transcriptomic response of porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells to the challenge withviral molecular associated pattern poly(I:C) and the changes in the transcriptomic profileinduced by the immunobiotics strains CRL1505 and CRL1506 were investigated in thiswork. By using microarray technology and reverse transcription PCR, we obtained aglobal overview of the immune genes involved in the innate antiviral immune response inPIE cells. Stimulation of PIE cells with poly(I:C) significantly increased the expression ofIFN-α and IFN-β, several interferon-stimulated genes, cytokines, chemokines, adhesionmolecules, and genes involved in prostaglandin biosynthesis. It was also determined thatlactobacilli differently modulated immune gene expression in poly(I:C)-challenged PIEcells. Most notable changes were found in antiviral factors (IFN-α, IFN-β, NPLR3, OAS1,OASL, MX2, and RNASEL) and cytokines/chemokines (IL-1β, IL-6, CCL4, CCL5, andCXCL10) that were significantly increased in lactobacilli-treated PIE cells. Immunobioticsreduced the expression of IL-15 and RAE1 genes that mediate poly(I:C) inflammatorydamage. In addition, lactobacilli treatments increased the expression PLA2G4A, PTGES,and PTGS2 that are involved in prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis. L. rhamnosus CRL1505and L. plantarum CRL1506 showed quantitative and qualitative differences in theircapacities to modulate the innate antiviral immune response in PIE cells, which wouldexplain the higher capacity of the CRL1505 strain when compared to CRL1506 to protectagainst viral infection and inflammatory damage in vivo. These results provided valuableinformation for the deeper understanding of the host?immunobiotic interaction and their effect on antiviral immunity. The comprehensive transcriptomic analyses successfullyidentified a group of genes (IFN-β, RIG1, RNASEL, MX2, A20, IL27, CXCL5, CCL4,PTGES, and PTGER4), which can be used as prospective biomarkers for the screeningof new antiviral immunobiotics in PIE cells and for the development of novel functionalfood and feeds, which may help to prevent viral infections.